年轻医生适应门诊医疗机构职业活动的情况

E. S. Vorobtsova, Narek L. Arakelyan
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摘要

导言。目前,年轻医生如何适应医疗机构的专业活动是一个具有挑战性的问题。工作的最初几年被认为是医生职业生涯中最困难的阶段之一,是继续临床实践还是放弃临床实践在很大程度上取决于这一时期。这也是人员流动增加的原因之一,对医疗机构的活动和医疗质量产生了负面影响。本研究的目的是根据研究结果,确定对年轻医生适应医疗机构职业活动产生积极和消极影响的因素,并据此提出优化年轻医生适应医疗机构职业活动过程的建议。在本研究框架内,开展了一项有年轻医生参与的问卷调查,旨在确定影响适应职业活动过程的因素。此外,还分析了年轻专家的社会卫生形象、职业选择的动机和原因,并确定、评估和比较了职业初期和学习期间出现的最常见挑战。通过研究,我们确定了影响适应过程的最重要因素,如方便的工作时间安排、有竞争力的薪酬、友好的工作环境、现代化的医疗设备、医疗机构的形象、专业培训机会、职业发展机会、工作稳定性、工作独立性和责任感以及创造性工作。研究结果表明,年轻医生适应医疗机构的职业活动对于保持人力资源和经济资源的平衡至关重要。现有计划的效率并不尽如人意。青年专家指出,影响医疗质量的困难包括缺乏工作所需的知识和技能。此外,缺乏有关医疗信息系统和医疗保健法律法规框架的专业培训计划,以及缺乏心理支持服务也导致了人员流失。
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Adaptation of Young Doctors to Professional Activity in Outpatient Medical Organizations
Introduction. Currently, there is a challenging issue related to adaptation of young doctors to professional activities in healthcare organizations. The first years of work are considered as of one of the most difficult stages of a doctor's career, and the decision to continue clinical practice or give up it largely depends on this period. This, in turn, is one of the reasons for the increase in staff turnover, which negatively affects the activity of a medical organization and the quality of medical care.Purpose. The purpose of this study was to develop proposals for optimizing the process of adaptation of young doctors to professional activities in medical organizations upon the results of a study identifying fac-tors that positively and negatively affect it.Methods and materials. Within the framework of this study, a questionnaire survey with participation of young doctors aimed at identifying factors affecting the process of adaptation to professional activity was conducted. Also, a social-hygienic image of a young specialist, motivation, reasons for career choice were an-alyzed, as well as the most common challenges emerging at the beginning of career and during the studies were identified, evaluated and compared.Results. Our research allowed us to identify the most important factors influencing the adaptation process such as convenient work schedule; competitive salary; friendly working environment; modern medical equip-ment; image of a medical organization; opportunities for professional training; career growth opportunities; job stability; job independence and responsibility and creative work. The results show that the adaptation of a young doctor to professional activity in healthcare organizations is crucial to keep human and economic resources in balance. The existing programs are not as efficient as expected. Young specialists note that among the difficulties affecting the quality of medical care are such as lack of knowledge and skills required for their job. Moreover, lack of specialized programs for professional training concerning medical information system and legal and regulatory framework in healthcare, as well as lack of psychological support services leads to staff turnover.
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