南极洲东部沿海绿洲淡水中的微塑料(以恩德比大陆的塔拉山为例)

S. Kakareka, T. Kukharchyk, K. I. Rabychyn
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摘要

本文首次介绍了南极洲东部淡水水库(以恩德比大陆的塔拉山绿洲为例)中微塑料颗粒含量的数据。研究是在 2022/2023 年第 14 届 BAE 期间进行的,选择并过滤了三个湖泊和一个临时水库的水。过滤分两个阶段进行:在野外条件下通过浮游生物网络浓缩样本,然后在实验室通过白丝带过滤器进行过滤。送往明斯克后,使用显微镜、数码相机和咨询软件对干燥的过滤器进行分析。结果发现,所有分析样本中都含有微塑料颗粒。纤维在所有样本中占主导地位,占微塑料颗粒总量的 81%。在 90% 的样本中,由不规则形状的塑料碎片构成的微粒尺寸小于 1 毫米。在 91% 的样本中,纤维尺寸在 1 至 5 毫米之间,最大值为 16.4 毫米。考虑到南极淡水中微塑料的状况、形态和其他特征的季节性变化,表明了开展研究和评估南极淡水中微塑料污染水平的重要性。
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Microplastics in the fresh waters of the coastal oasis of the East Antarctica (on an the example of the Thala Hills, Enderby Land)
The first data on the content of microplastic particles in freshwater reservoirs of the East Antarctica (by the example of the Thala Hills Oasis, Enderby Land) are presented. The studies were made during the 14th BAE in 2022/2023 with the selection and filtration of water from three lakes and one temporary reservoir. Filtration was carried out in two stages: in the field conditions through a plankton network to concentrate a sample and then in the laboratory through White Ribbon filters. Dried filters after delivery to Minsk were analyzed using a microscope, digital camera and consulting software. It was found that microplastic particles were present in all analyzed samples. Fibers dominated in all samples, amounting to 81 % of the total microplastic particles. The particle size, represented by fragments of irregularly shaped plastics, is less than 1 mm in 90 % of cases. The fiber size in 91 % of cases ranges from 1 to 5 mm with a maximum value of 16.4 mm. The importance of developing research and assessing the levels of microplastic pollution in Antarctic fresh water is shown with the consideration of seasonal changes in their condition, morphometric and other features.
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