Skin Cancer: Back to Basics, Mycosis Fungoides

Mycosis fungoides (MF) is the most common type of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma occurring when T-cell lymphocytes become malignant and proliferate as well as manifest in the skin. Most commonly, the disease affects the elderly population but has been seen in all ages. Presentations of MF include erythematous patches and plaques with fine scale anatomically favoring the buttocks, trunk, and extremities with complaints of significant pruritus. MF can mimic other benign inflammatory diseases such as atopic dermatitis or psoriasis. Skin biopsy of the rash for simple histology and immunophenotyping will aid in the differentiation from other diseases and confirm accurate diagnosis. Repeat biopsy is often required. A wide range of treatment options exist based on the extent of the disease and patient compliance. The prognosis is good with early detection and treatment. No cure currently exists for the disease, but a deeper understanding of triggers can guide prevention techniques and help develop targeted treatment modalities.