异种移植目前面临的挑战。

IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q3 TRANSPLANTATION Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-16 DOI:10.1097/MOT.0000000000001146
Marta Vadori, Emanuele Cozzi
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引用次数: 0

摘要

综述目的:近年来,异种移植科学突飞猛进,在临床前和临床研究方面都取得了重大进展。本综述旨在介绍最新的前沿知识和方法进展,以克服可能阻碍异种移植转化和成功应用于临床的潜在障碍:临床前研究表明,现在有可能将拯救生命的异种移植的灵长类受体存活期延长到两年以上。有鉴于此,转基因猪心脏已被授权在两名人类受者身上同情性使用,异种移植也已在人类死者身上实现。尽管初步结果令人鼓舞,但异种移植要成功应用于临床,仍有一些难题需要全面解决。这些挑战包括免疫学、生理学和生物安全方面:最近的进展为猪器官在人类身上的初步同情使用铺平了道路,并为异种器官移植在临床上的更广泛应用创造了条件。
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Current challenges in xenotransplantation.

Purpose of review: In recent years, the xenotransplantation science has advanced tremendously, with significant strides in both preclinical and clinical research. This review intends to describe the latest cutting-edge progress in knowledge and methodologies developed to overcome potential obstacles that may preclude the translation and successful application of clinical xenotransplantation.

Recent findings: Preclinical studies have demonstrated that it is now possible to extend beyond two years survival of primate recipients of life saving xenografts. This has been accomplished thanks to the utilization of genetic engineering methodologies that have allowed the generation of specifically designed gene-edited pigs, a careful donor and recipient selection, and appropriate immunosuppressive strategies.In this light, the compassionate use of genetically modified pig hearts has been authorized in two human recipients and xenotransplants have also been achieved in human decedents. Although encouraging the preliminary results suggest that several challenges have yet to be fully addressed for a successful clinical translation of xenotransplantation. These challenges include immunologic, physiologic and biosafety aspects.

Summary: Recent progress has paved the way for the initial compassionate use of pig organs in humans and sets the scene for a wider application of clinical xenotransplantation.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
4.50%
发文量
124
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: ​​​​​​Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation is an indispensable resource featuring key, up-to-date and important advances in the field from around the world. Led by renowned guest editors for each section, every bimonthly issue of Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation delivers a fresh insight into topics such as stem cell transplantation, immunosuppression, tolerance induction and organ preservation and procurement. With 18 sections in total, the journal provides a convenient and thorough review of the field and will be of interest to researchers, surgeons and other healthcare professionals alike.
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