Actualización en detección precoz del cáncer de próstata

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequent cancer in men in Chile and ranks fourth with regards to mortality according to the latest Globocan 2022 statistics. The aim of this review is to clarify what methods exist for preventing PCa, as well as updating screening recommendations based on the latest available evidence. Numerous risk factors have been described for PCa, including non-modifiable factors such as age, race, and family history. In this context, PCa screening becomes more relevant. Despite certain controversy regarding the usefulness of prostate-specific antigen (PSA), screening has shown that it increases the diagnosis of PCa in early stages, reducing mortality by up to 30%. The object of this review is to comment on the known risk factors for PCa and the usefulness of PCa screening, considering the use of new tools such as magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of the disease.