原生动物、线虫和螨虫作为沙蝇种群自然控制剂的作用

Slavica Vaselek
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引用次数: 0

摘要

沙蝇(双翅目,Psychodidae)是一种食血昆虫,在医学和兽医学方面具有重要意义。自第二次世界大战以来,大量使用化学品来抑制和控制沙蝇种群,导致世界各地的沙蝇对杀虫剂产生抗药性并死灰复燃。化学品的使用还对各种非目标生物、整个农业生态系统、作物生产力和人类健康等产生了负面影响。鉴于化学物质的多种不利影响,人们开始评估更环保的方法。在林业和农业领域,线虫、原生动物或螨虫等昆虫病原生物作为生物控制剂的应用得到了广泛的探索和应用。相比之下,人们对沙蝇等吸血昆虫的关注却很少。本综述总结了在沙蝇生物防治领域检测和使用昆虫病原菌、线虫和螨虫的相关发现。它强调了这些生物在沙蝇未成熟期和成虫期生物防治方面有待进一步探索和利用的潜力。
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The role of protists, nematodes and mites as natural control agents of sandfly populations
The Phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera, Psychodidae) are hematophagous insects of immense medical and veterinary importance. Since World War II, the intensive use of chemicals to suppress and control sandfly populations resulted in development of insecticide resistance and resurgence among the sandfly populations worldwide. The use of chemicals also negatively impacted diverse non-target organisms, overall agroecosystem, crop productivity, human health etc. Due to the multiple adverse effects of the chemical compounds, more eco-friendly approaches have been evaluated. The application of entomopathogenic organisms such as nematodes, protists or mites as biocontrol agents has been vastly explored and applied in the field of forestry and agriculture. In comparison, only a little attention was given to blood-sucking insects such as sandflies. This review summarizes the findings related to the detection and use of entomopathogenic protists, nematodes, and mites in the field of biological control of sandflies. It highlights the potential of these organisms to be further explored and used for biocontrol of immature and adult stages of sandflies.
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