杀菌剂与生长调节剂混合使用对冬小麦新品种产量的影响

Lyudmila Khromova, A. Shabatukov, Aminat Malkandueva
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引用次数: 0

摘要

研究旨在探讨利用生长调节剂和杀菌剂减少焦枯病危害、提高冬小麦产量和质量的可能性。这项工作于 2020-2022 年在卡巴尔达-巴尔卡尔共和国草原区水分不足和不稳定的条件下进行。使用生长调节剂(不做处理;Albit, TPS;Bigus, VR;Tsircon, R;Epin-Extra, R;Ribav-Extra, R)以及化学杀菌剂(Spirit, SK)和生物杀菌剂(Fitolavin, VRK Baksis, Zh Kasumin 2L, VR Vitaplan, SP)与生长调节剂(Gumi, R)结合进行了两次试验。研究结果包括以下指标:生物生产力、千粒重、麸质含量、对黄斑病 - Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Died.) Drechsler 的敏感性、药物的生物有效性。使用 Epin-Extra, P 时,Yuzhanka 品种的千粒重为 40.7 克,在 Pamyati Shatilov 的小麦上使用 Bigus, BP 时为 42.4 克,在 Taulan 品种上使用 Albit, TPS 时为 42.1 克。在 Pamyati Shatilov 品种上,生长调节剂 Albit、TPS 的效果尤为突出,使用后产量为 6.0 吨/公顷,比对照提高了 0.6 吨/公顷。化学杀菌剂 Spirit、SK 在尤扬卡(Yuzhanka)品种上的生物有效性为 84.8%,在帕米亚蒂-沙蒂洛娃(Pamyati Shatilova)品种上的生物有效性为 89.1%。生物杀菌剂 Kasumin 2 L, VR 和 Fitolavin, VRK 对焦枯病的生物防治效果分别为 9.6% 和 18.4%,远低于化学杀菌剂。
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THE EFFECT OF FUNGICIDES MIXED WITH GROWTH REGULATORS ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF NEW VARIETIES OF WINTER WHEAT
Research was carried out to study the possibility of reducing the harmfulness of pyrenophorosis, increasing the yield and quality of winter wheat grain using growth regulators and fungicides. The work was carried out in 2020-2022 in conditions of insufficient and unstable moisture in the steppe zone of Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. Two experiments were carried out using growth regulators (without treatment; Albit, TPS; Bigus, VR; Tsircon, R; Epin-Extra, R; Ribav-Extra, R), as well as chemical (Spirit, SK) and biological fungicides (Fitolavin, VRK Baksis, Zh Kasumin 2L, VR Vitaplan, SP) in combination with the growth regulator (Gumi, R). As a result of the studies, the following indicators were studied: biological productivity, weight of 1000 grains, gluten content, susceptibility to yellow spot - Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Died.) Drechsler, biological effectiveness of drugs. When using Epin-Extra, P, the weight of 1000 grains in the Yuzhanka variety was 40.7 g, when applying Bigus, BP on Pamyati Shatilov’s wheat - 42.4 g, Albit, TPS on the Taulan variety - 42.1 g with an average value of the indicator in the variant without drugs for all studied varieties was 37.8 g, with drugs – 40.4 g. On the Pamyati Shatilov variety, the growth regulator Albit, TPS, stood out, with the use of which the productivity was 6.0 t/ha, the increase over the control was 0.6 t/ha. The biological effectiveness of the chemical fungicide Spirit, SK on the Yuzhanka variety was 84.8%, and on the Pamyati Shatilova variety 89.1%. For the biofungicides Kasumin 2 L, VR and Fitolavin, VRK against pyrenophorosis, it was equal to 9.6% and 18.4%, respectively, which is much lower than for the chemical fungicide.
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