从社会学角度分析伏尔加格勒地区社会有效预防艾滋病的障碍

Irina Sergeevna Gavrilova, Yulia Mihailovna Tokareva
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引用次数: 0

摘要

艾滋病毒感染既是社会贫困、社会心理危机状况和社会紧张局势的后果,也是其原因。在这方面,我们研究的目的是在初级预防框架内全面系统地应用医疗和社会工作技术前后,确定公民对艾滋病毒感染、诊断可能性和个人预防措施的认识水平。研究对象是与艾滋病毒感染的医疗和社会预防有关的现代社会进程。研究的主题是在使用最佳医疗和社会实践预防艾滋病毒感染的框架内,年轻人对艾滋病毒感染的认识水平。作者详细研究了提高艾滋病毒阴性者和艾滋病毒阳性者医疗和社会知识水平所需的各种形式活动的社会效果。在研究过程中使用了一般科学(分析、查阅国内外专业文献)和特殊科学研究方法:问卷调查 (年轻人)、重点访谈法和艾滋病毒/艾滋病专家(医生、心理学家、同伴咨询员、社会工作专家) 的专家评估。问题涉及预防艾滋病毒的现有医疗和社会方法(技术)的有效性。全面的医疗和社会工作包括确定医疗和社会知识方面的差距、与目标受众开展预防活动、评估参与艾滋病毒预防的专家的专家意见,以及根据研究结果提出建议,从而确定阻碍有效的艾滋病毒感染医疗和社会预防的一些社会障碍,以确定在艾滋病毒预防领域开发新形式和新技术的载体。
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Sociological analysis of barriers to effective social HIV prevention in the Volgograd region
The relevance of the issues under consideration is determined by the specificity of HIV infection, which is both a consequence and a cause of social deprivation, psychosocial crisis situations and social tension. In this regard, the aim of our study is to identify the level of awareness of citizens about HIV infection, diagnostic possibilities and measures of personal prevention before and after a comprehensive systematic application of medical and social work technologies in the framework of primary prevention. The object of the study is modern processes in society in relation to medical and social prevention of HIV infection. The subject of the study is the level of awareness of young people about HIV infection within the framework of using the best medical and social practices in HIV prevention. The author examines in detail the social effect of activities of various formats necessary to increase the level of medical and social literacy of both HIV-negative and HIV-positive people. In the process of research, general scientific (analysis, review of domestic and foreign professional literature) and special-scientific research methods were used: questionnaire survey (young people); method of focused interview and expert assessments of specialists dealing with HIV/AIDS (doctors, psychologists, peer counselors, social work specialists). The questions were related to the effectiveness of established medical and social methods (technologies) of HIV prevention. Comprehensive medical and social work, consisting in identifying gaps in medical and social literacy, conducting prevention activities with the target audience, assessing the expert opinion of specialists involved in HIV prevention, and proposing recommendations based on the results of the study, allowed to identify a number of social barriers that hinder effective medical and social prevention of HIV infection to determine the vectors for the development of new forms and technologies in the field of HIV prevention.
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