宣布伏马菌素是伊朗玉米镰刀菌产生的主要危险霉菌毒素

Saremi Hossein
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摘要

我们的研究表明,镰刀菌属是玉米最重要的真菌病原体,会造成严重的产量损失,并产生对人类和动物有害的伏马菌毒素。事实上,其他霉菌毒素(如黄曲霉毒素)在玉米中也经常出现,但伏马菌毒素的出现更为频繁。不过,不同年份和地区之间的波动会影响感染的严重程度,进而影响伏马菌毒素的产生水平。这种霉菌毒素被定义为烟曲霉毒素 B1、烟曲霉毒素 B2 和烟曲霉毒素 B3,具有多种作用。在伊朗不同地点的玉米田中都发现了烟曲霉毒素的产生水平、浓度和危害。然而,与其他地区相比,分离出的样本中伏马菌素的含量差异更大。在不同的气候条件和玉米栽培品种下,毒素成分和最大值有很大差异。抗镰刀菌病原体的玉米品种有助于有效控制烟曲霉毒素在田间的产生。
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Declaration of Fumonisin as the Main Dangerous Mycotoxin Produced by Fusarium Species on Maize in Iran
Our study showed Fusarium spp. can be the most important fungal pathogen of maize causing severe yield losses and producing fumonisins that concern human and animal damages. Actually, other mycotoxins such as aflatoxin contamination have become regular in maize but the appearance of fumonisins was more frequent. However, the fluctuation between years and regions can affect the severity of the infection and then fumonisin production level. This mycotoxin was defined as fumonisin B1, fumonisin B2 and fumonisin B3 with diverse actions. The level of production, concentrations, and damages of fumonisins were found in different locations of maize fields in Iran. However, the fumonisin contents of the isolated samples were more diverse than in other locations. Toxin composition and maximum values differ significantly throughout the climate conditions and maize cultivars. The resistance cultivar of maize against the Fusarium pathogen can be helpful in controlling fumonisin production on the field effectively.
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