改进无损检测机械方法的应用方法

V. Kolokhov
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引用次数: 0

摘要

问题陈述。混凝土的标准化参数和设计参数通常与结构混凝土在施工过程中获得的实际值不同。使用无损检测设备通常需要对其进行校准,而绝大多数设备仅根据立方体样品混凝土物理和机械特性的测定结果进行校准。然而,由于样品和结构中混凝土的形成和养护条件不同,现有方法不能充分反映结构中混凝土的特性。根据使用超声波设备的经验和个人对改进超声波方法的研究,我们建议将这种方法的适用范围限制在定期监测上,因为这种方法可以轻松准确地跟踪结构材料的相对变化。然而,要评估结构的技术状况,不仅需要结构材料 PhMC 的相对值,还需要绝对值。根据初步考虑,只有使用无损检测的机械方法才能可靠地获得这些数据。文章的目的是确定如何改进机械无损检测方法的应用方法。结果。文章考虑了在压头与具有弹塑性的半无限空间相互作用过程中直接测定弹性模量的可能性。根据提供压头运动的力的性质以及参与相互作用的系统元素的类型和数量,将相互作用分为四个阶段。建立了系统中运动量的守恒方程,并对其求解结果进行了分析。结论对所进行研究的分析表明,以可接受的成本获得具有必要指标的解决方案是相当困难的。同时,所得结果的可靠性也很低。为了揭示由此产生的不确定性,有必要在系统中引入额外的方程,这些方程可以在额外测量的基础上创建。因此,要改进确定材料特性的方法,就必须修改方程系统,进行额外的测量和后续计算。
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IMPROVEMENT OF METHODS OF APPLICATION OF MECHANICAL METHODS OF NON-DESTRUCTIVE CONTROL
Problem statement. Standardized and design parameters of concrete usually differ from the actual values obtained by the concrete of a structure during construction. The use of non-destructive testing devices usually requires their calibration, which is carried out by the vast majority only based on the results of determining the physical and mechanical characteristics of concrete of cubic samples. However, since the conditions of concrete formation and curing in the samples and the structure differ, the existing methods do not adequately reflect the properties of the concrete in the structure. Experience in the use of ultrasonic devices and personal research to improve the ultrasonic method allowed us to recommend limiting the scope of this method to periodic monitoring, since this method can easily and accurately track relative changes in the material of the structure. However, to assess the technical condition of structures, not only relative but also absolute values of the PhMC of the structure material are required. Such data, according to preliminary considerations, can be obtained with proper reliability only by using mechanical methods of non-destructive testing. The purpose of the article is determination of the way to improve the methodology for application of mechanical non-destructive testing methods. Results. The possibility of direct determination of the elastic modulus during the interaction of an indenter with a semi-infinite space with elastic-plastic properties is considered. Four stages of interaction are distinguished, depending on the nature of the forces that provide the indenter's motion, as well as the type and number of system elements involved in the interaction. The equations of conservation of the amount of motion in the system are created and the results of their solution are analyzed. Conclusions. The analysis of the conducted studies shows that it is quite difficult to obtain a solution with the necessary indicators at acceptable costs. At the same time, the reliability of the results obtained is low. To reveal the resulting uncertainty, it is necessary to introduce additional equations into the system, which can be created on the basis of additional measurements. Thus, improvement of the methodology for determining the properties of materials requires modification of the system of equations and additional measurements with subsequent calculations.
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