Application of glasses-free augmented reality localization in precision neurosurgery and literature review

To summarize the characteristics and therapeutic effects of glasses-free augmented reality (AR) in neurosurgery, a case series of seven patients undergoing resection of intracranial lesions at the Neurosurgery Department of Hangzhou Xixi Hospital from November 2019 to October 2021 was collected. During the surgeries, glasses-free AR was used for multi-angle and multi-modal image localization. The intraoperative positioning errors of all seven patients who underwent body surface localization with glasses-free AR, in addition to routine surgical procedures, were less than 10 mm. These findings suggest that glasses-free AR holds great promise for precision neurosurgery.