Biological activities, chemical and bioactive compounds of Echinophora platyloba DC: A systematic review

Echinophora platyloba DC has been recognized for its therapeutic potential due to the presence of antioxidant and antimicrobial compounds. This study aims to conduct a systematic investigation into the chemical composition and biological activities of this plant.          A comprehensive review of English research articles published within the last 15 years was conducted using relevant terms in databases such as PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and CINAHL. The search strategy employed specific keywords, and the findings were collected based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) guidelines.          A total of thirty-seven articles were included in the study. Among the reviewed articles, nine studies focused on the antifungal effects of Echinophora platyloba DC, while four studies examined its antimicrobial compounds. Three studies provided evidence for joint antimicrobial and antifungal properties. Additionally, four studies confirmed the plant's potential anticancer properties, three studies explored its antioxidant effects, and two studies demonstrated its combined antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Furthermore, six studies reported various effects, including anti-cholesterol properties, pain relief, skin burn repair, and reduction of menopausal symptoms. The most abundant compounds identified in the extract and essential oil were β-ocimene, followed by α-phellandrene.          Echinophora platyloba DC was shown to have optimal antifungal, antimicrobial, anticancer, and antioxidant effects. Moreover, the clinical effects of this plant have been deemed acceptable. Keywords: Echinophora platyloba DC, antioxidant activity, antibacterial activity, antioxidant properties, anticancer effects.