NATURAL DEEP EUTECTIC SOLVENTS ARE PROMISING AGENTS FOR THE EXTRACTION OF SUBSTANCES FROM PLANT MATERIALS

There is currently an increasing trend to reduce the amount of synthetic products or additives and replace them with natural ones. Historical experience and developments in human health science demonstrate the adverse effects of xenobiotics on natural metabolism and human health. The trend towards natural products is essential for vitality, social activity, a decent quality of life, and the prevention of adverse events and diseases. The pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industries place special emphasis on natural and biologically active chemicals isolated from plants or microorganisms. The main task in this direction is the development of effective and environmental methods for their isolation. Deep eutectic solvents (DES) are a mixture of two or more components and are among the solvents with unique properties such as low volatility, low melting points, ease of preparation, inexpensive starting materials and, most importantly, they are practically non-toxic to humans. Deep eutectic solvents are used as an environmentally friendly method for the extraction of biologically active substances (BAS) from medicinal plants, as well as a safe alternative for food, pharmaceutical and various industries. Traditional organic solvent extraction methods have several disadvantages, such as long extraction times, safety of use, environmental damage, high cost, and the need to use large volumes of solvents. This review provides a summary of the research progress regarding the benefits of using deep eutectic solvents for the extraction of bioactive compounds such as phenolic acid, flavonoids, isoflavones, catechins, polysaccharides, curcuminoids, proanthocyanidin, phycocyanin, gingerols, ginsenosides, anthocyanins, rutin, chlorogenic acids and other. The study of the biological activity of extracts is considered: antioxidant, antibacterial and antitumor activity.