神经可塑性:被遮蔽的自我恢复

Muhammad Asif Naveed
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引用次数: 0

摘要

人类的大脑是一个完整宇宙的复制品,在这个宇宙中,光线成片成片地飞舞,并预示着其前所未有的坚定性和一致性的秘密。被称为 "大脑 "的人类宇宙被设计得足够宽敞,既能抵御易货贸易的冲击,又能巧妙地引导雄伟的人类生物的流体动力学。直到 1948 年,耶日-科诺尔斯基(Jerzy Konorski)才将这种神经生理学的灵巧性创造为 "神经可塑性 "一词。这个词真实地描述了神经可塑性的功能,它通过与邻近的神经元分享强烈的反应冲动,使成熟的人类适应环境中任何形式的内部或外部变化。这种对适应的承诺会导致大脑神经元连接的翻新、衰退或重建中继,即突触。 这种自我恢复机制最近被纳入了实际治疗中,因为大量的发现让科学界人士和普通人都了解到了它的好处。神经可塑性已被应用于神经退化、认知、学习和记忆衰退的模型中,在阿尔茨海默氏症、中风、脑外伤、癫痫和衰老退化患者中产生了惊人的效果[1]。心理学家和心理社会活动家也发现了这项技术的潜力,他们现在向抑郁症和愤怒症患者推荐神经可塑性刺激练习。人们不禁要问,人类是如何实现这种全套控制的?研究表明并认为,可以通过无数种方式来实现,目前还没有一个路线图。某些蛋白质、分子开关、高脂肪饮食、肌肉振动、强制的习惯性强化,以及对神经元起源细胞的条件性刺激,都会启动和驱动神经元的可塑性。当代一项关于虚拟现实对大鼠影响的科学调查得出结论,虚拟现实通过与记忆存储相关的 "eta "波对大脑海马区进行了微调[2]。关于神经可塑性是促进新的颅骨重新布线,还是仅仅增强现有的大脑能力,目前还存在争议。神经可塑性的未来影响包括其在人工智能(AI)中的应用。对于人工智能的成功推广,有人提出了反驳意见,认为人工智能无法解释和应对意料之外和无师自通的刺激。但是,SynapShot(一种用于可视化大脑脉冲连接的实时荧光仪器)等系统的出现,预示着神经可塑性代码将很快转化为机器语言[3]。要实现这种方法,当务之急是充分释放和探索神经元可塑性的强大潜力,因为神经元模仿星系的意识形态。
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Neuroplasticity: A Shrouded Self-Recovery
The human brain is a replica of a well-integrated universe within which light fleets in swathes and heralds the secrets of its unprecedented steadfastness and coherence. The human universe, called brain has been designed capacious enough to withhold the impacts of barter along with the adroitness of guiding the fluid dynamics of majestic human creatures. It was not until 1948 that Jerzy Konorski coined this neuro-physiological dexterity into the term ‘neuroplasticity’. The word is the true depiction of its functional mastery over making sophisticated humans adapt to any sort of internal or external change in the environment, through sharing the intense impulses of response with the neurons in closer proximity. This commitment to adaptation leads to either a renovated, recess, or re-establishment relay of neuron connections in brain, named synapses.   This mechanism of self-recovery has been recently incorporated into practical therapy, owing to the flush of discoveries, enlightening both the people of science and laymen with its benefits. Neuroplasticity has been applied in the models of nervous degeneration, cognition, learning, and memory decline translating into flabbergasting outcomes among patients of Alzheimer, stroke, traumatic brain injury, epilepsy, and aging deterioration [1]. The technique has also unwound its potencies to psychologist and psychosocial activists that now recommend neuroplasticity-stimulating exercises to patients of depression and anger issues. A Question arises on how such a complete package of control is achieved by humans. Research shows and argues that it can be attained in a myriad of ways, no one roadmap has yet been formulated. Certain proteins, molecular switches, high fat diets, muscle vibrations, enforced habitual reinforcements, and conditional piquing of neurons’ originator cells onset and drive the plasticity of the neurons. A contemporary scientific investigation on the effects of virtual reality exposure to rats concluded that it fine-tuned the hippocampus region of the brain unveiled through ‘eta’ waves that were associated with storing memory [2]. Debates are underway whether neuroplasticity is the facilitator of new cranial rewiring or simply an enhancer of existing brain abilities. Future implications of neuroplasticity include its manifestation in the guise of artificial intelligence (AI). The success in proliferation of AI has been counter-argued with the extent of its ability to interpret and respond to unexpected and untaught stimuli. But the unearthing of systems such as SynapShot, a real time fluorescent apparatus developed to visualize brain’s impulse connections,  heralds a before long translation of neuroplastic codes into machine language [3]. To arrive at such approaches the need of hour is to fully unlock and explore the mightiness of the plasticity horizons of the neurons, that imitate the ideology of galaxies.  
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