关于语言、概括和困难材料

Asbjörg Westum
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摘要

本文涉及瑞典北部有关西班牙流感大流行(1918-1920 年)的叙述。在 1950 年至 1980 年间收集了约 50 篇叙述。所有这些叙述都是在访谈中获得的:有些是在与两个或两个以上受访者的互动中讲述的,有些是由一个受访者在与访谈者的互动中讲述的,还有些是独白。采访者各不相同。这些访谈并不是有计划、有步骤地进行的,也不是以调查受访者的西班牙流感经历为目的的。相反,访谈的主要目的似乎是为了了解 "过去 "的故事。本文根据整个材料中的语言选择,讨论了信息提供者对大流行病的概念及其病因学概念。文章的结论是,最显著的特征是没有任何资料提供者提及的内容,即流感一词。此外,西班牙流感显然属于一个与现代社会毫无相似之处的过去时代。那是一个以苦难、恶劣的卫生条件和饥饿为特征的时代。此外,文章还简要讨论了对医学人文学科和疾病叙事研究的批评,认为这些研究总体上缺乏对疾病叙事如何构建的系统分析和综合。
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Om språkbruk, generaliseringar och ett besvärligt material
This article deals with narratives from northern Sweden about the Spanish flu pandemic (1918–1920). There are about 50 narratives collected between ca. 1950 and 1980. All of them were elicited in interviews: some were told in interaction with two or more informants, some are told by one informant in interaction with the interviewer, and some are monologues. There are different interviewers. The interviews have not been planned or conducted in a systematic and consistent way, or with a purpose to investigate the informants’ experiences of the Spanish flu. Rather, the main purpose seems to have been to elicit stories about “the old days”. Drawing on linguistic choices from the material as a whole, this article discusses the informants’ notion of the pandemic and their conceptions of etiology. The article concludes that the most conspicuous feature is what is not mentioned by any informant, namely the word influenza. Further, the Spanish flu clearly belongs to a past era that has no resemblance to modern society. It was an era characterized by suffering, poor sanitary conditions and starvation. As well, the article briefly discusses the critique of medical humanities and the study of illness narratives for the lack of systematic analyses and syntheses of how these are constructed in general.
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Täta beskrivningar i etnografiskt skrivande Språkrikedom skapar ett mångsidigt identitetsspektrum Konsten att ignorera och välja bort ”En sån här flummig typ, det har jag då aldrig tänkt att jag skulle bli” Medhårs och mothårs
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