低压对短链碳氟化合物表面活性剂性能的影响及其在水成膜泡沫灭火剂中的应用

IF 1.6 4区 工程技术 Q3 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED Journal of Surfactants and Detergents Pub Date : 2024-04-03 DOI:10.1002/jsde.12754
Xinhua Zhu, He Huang, Xuhong Jia, Yuqiang Zhang
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引用次数: 0

摘要

分别在 94.6、74.1 和 61.0 kPa 的低压条件下研究了三种不同碳链长度的氟碳表面活性剂的表面特性。结果表明,随着压力的降低,氟碳表面活性剂的饱和吸附容量和临界胶束浓度(CMC)降低,而平均分子面积(AS)和 CMC 时的表面张力(γCMC)增加。碳氟化合物表面活性剂浓度较低时,表面张力(γ)随压力的降低而降低。然而,当表面活性剂的浓度接近或达到 CMC 时,γ 趋于稳定,并随压力的降低而增大。此外,碳氟化合物表面活性剂的发泡和铺展性能随压力的降低而降低,碳氟化合物和碳氢化合物表面活性剂的组合有利于性能的提高(混合体系:泡沫膨胀率 E>6,25%排水时间 t25%>241 s,1/2消泡时间 t1/2>851 s,铺展量 Vs>223 μL,铺展时间 ts<2 s)。进一步的灭火实验发现,低压环境对燃料燃烧特性的影响是决定灭火性能的关键因素,而对水成膜泡沫(AFFF)性能的影响较小。而基于环保型表面活性剂 C4F9SO2NH(CH2)2N+(CH3)2CH2BrCH2OH (FC-4)的水成膜泡沫(AFFF)是低压条件下有效的灭火剂。
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Effect of low pressure on the properties of short-chain fluorocarbon surfactants and their application in aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent

Surface properties of three fluorocarbon surfactants with different carbon chain lengths were studied at low pressures of 94.6, 74.1 and 61.0 kPa, respectively. The results showed that the saturation adsorption capacity and the critical micelle concentration (CMC) decreased, while the average molecular area (AS) and the surface tension at CMC (γCMC) of fluorocarbon surfactants increased with decreasing pressure. The surface tension (γ) decreased with the decrease of pressure when the concentration of fluorocarbon surfactants was low. However, γ tended to be stable and increased with the drop of pressure when the concentration of surfactants was close or reach to CMC. In addition, the foaming and spreading performance of fluorocarbon surfactants decrease with the decrease of pressure, and the combination of fluorocarbon and hydrocarbon surfactants is beneficial to the improvement of performance (mixed systems: foam expansion E>6, 25% drainage time t25%>241 s, 1/2 defoaming time t1/2>851 s, spreading amount Vs>223 μL, spreading time ts<2 s). Further fire extinguishing experiment found that the influence of low pressure environment on fuel combustion characteristics is the key factor to determine fire extinguishing performance, while the influence of aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) performance is small. And AFFF based on the environmental-friendly surfactant C4F9SO2NH(CH2)2N+(CH3)2CH2BrCH2OH (FC-4) is an effective fire extinguishing agent under low pressure.

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来源期刊
Journal of Surfactants and Detergents
Journal of Surfactants and Detergents 工程技术-工程:化工
CiteScore
3.80
自引率
6.20%
发文量
68
审稿时长
4 months
期刊介绍: Journal of Surfactants and Detergents, a journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society (AOCS) publishes scientific contributions in the surfactants and detergents area. This includes the basic and applied science of petrochemical and oleochemical surfactants, the development and performance of surfactants in all applications, as well as the development and manufacture of detergent ingredients and their formulation into finished products.
期刊最新文献
Issue Information Special issue: Industrial surfactants R&D—A tribute to George A. Smith Issue Information Cloning, purification, and functional characterization of recombinant pullulanase from Bacillus cereusATCC 14579 for improved detergent performance Special Issue: Glycolipid biosurfactants: Synthesis, properties, and applications
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