Modeling and evaluation of the permeate volume in membrane desalination processes using machine-learning techniques

Machine learning methodologies are gaining significant recognition as an effective approach for tackling and modelling challenges related to membranes. This study delves into the utilization of machine learning algorithms to forecast the quality of reverse osmosis (RO) water. Specifically, we conduct a comparative analysis of four popular algorithms: decision tree, random forest, support vector machine (SVM), and K-nearest neighbours (KNN). Our dataset comprises essential water quality evaluation features such as temperature, pH, and conductivity. Using these features, we train and test our models, evaluating their performance with metrics like accuracy and root-mean-squared error (RMSE). The outcomes indicate that all four algorithms perform admirably in predicting RO water quality, achieving accuracy scores ranging from 80 % to 95 %. Notably, KNN stands out with the highest accuracy score of 95 %, establishing it as the most effective algorithm for this task. Besides its performance, KNN's simplicity of implementation and interpretability make it a pragmatic choice for real-world applications. This study serves as compelling evidence of the potential of machine learning algorithms for forecasting RO water quality, particularly highlighting KNN's effectiveness in this context. To further enhance the accuracy of RO water quality prediction, future research could explore the inclusion of other features or alternative algorithms.