布什维尔德岩群中的铂礁支流在哪里?

IF 4.4 2区 地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Mineralium Deposita Pub Date : 2024-04-30 DOI:10.1007/s00126-024-01272-5
Rais Latypov, Sofya Chistyakova
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引用次数: 0

摘要

南非的布什维尔德复合体拥有世界贵金属资源的绝大部分--铂礁--含有富铂硫化物的硅酸盐/铬铁矿薄层。这些铂礁被广泛认为是成矿岩浆的多次补给造成的,这些岩浆通过无数的支导管进入不断演化的布什维尔德岩室。补给事件的特点是区域和局部的断裂/不整合、同位素的显著变化以及整个岩石和矿物成分的明显逆转。然而,令人惊讶的是,尽管一个多世纪以来进行了大量的地表和地下开采,但迄今为止尚未发现铂礁的单一馈源导管。布什维尔德复合体似乎完全没有馈源导管。这一悖论早已为人所知,但却从未得到过具体解决。在此,我们认为,没有馈源通道是岩浆室通过堆积物补充的自然结果。积岩层中支流通道的化石化可能受到两个主要因素的阻碍:(a)堆积层温度过高,无法使流经通道的岩浆有效冷却和结晶;(b)岩浆喷出停止后,通道立即被相邻的弹性变形堆积层封闭。因此,由于导管几乎不可能在高温和可变形的层状侵入体堆积层中保存下来,因此不存在馈源堤。
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Where are the feeder channels for platinum reefs in the Bushveld Complex?

The Bushveld Complex in South Africa hosts the lion’s share of the world’s noble metal resources in platinum reefs – thin layers of silicate/chromite rocks containing platinum-rich sulphides. The reefs are widely attributed to multiple replenishments by ore-forming magmas that have been entering the evolving Bushveld chamber through numerous feeder conduits. The replenishment events are marked by regional and local disconformities/unconformities, significant isotopic shifts, and notable reversals in the whole-rock and mineral compositions. Surprisingly, however, so far no single feeder conduit for platinum reefs has been found despite extensive surface and underground mining for over a century. Feeder conduits appear entirely absent from the Bushveld Complex. This paradox has long been known but has never been specifically addressed. Here, we suggest that the absence of feeder channels is a natural consequence of the magma chamber replenishment through a cumulate pile. The fossilization of the feeder channels in the cumulate pile is likely impeded by two principal factors: (a) a cumulate pile is too hot to enable efficient cooling and crystallization of magma flowing through the channels, and (b) the channels are closed by an adjacent elastically deformable pile immediately after cessation of the magma emplacement. The feeding dykes are thus absent because there is little chance for the conduits to get preserved in a hot and deformable cumulate pile of layered intrusions.

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来源期刊
Mineralium Deposita
Mineralium Deposita 地学-地球化学与地球物理
CiteScore
11.00
自引率
6.20%
发文量
61
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: The journal Mineralium Deposita introduces new observations, principles, and interpretations from the field of economic geology, including nonmetallic mineral deposits, experimental and applied geochemistry, with emphasis on mineral deposits. It offers short and comprehensive articles, review papers, brief original papers, scientific discussions and news, as well as reports on meetings of importance to mineral research. The emphasis is on high-quality content and form for all articles and on international coverage of subject matter.
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