Pectin methylesterase activities in reproductive tissues of maize plants with different haplotypes of the Ga1 and Ga2 cross incompatibility systems.

Key message: Total PME activity in reproductive tissues was related to haplotypes at maize cross incompatibility loci, suggesting that these loci function by controlling PME activity. In maize, the pollination outcome depends on the haplotypes of the interacting male gametophyte (germinated pollen) and female sporophyte (silk) at several cross-incompatibility loci. Functional alleles (-S haplotypes) of the cross-incompatibility loci Ga1 and Ga2, both encode two pectin methylesterases (PMEs), one that is expressed in silk and the other in pollen. We examined total PME activity in reproductive tissues containing functional and null haplotypes at the Ga1 or Ga2 loci. In pollinated silks, there was a correlation between total PME activity and the -S haplotype pollen in both Ga1 and Ga2 systems. We did not detect a significant relationship between PME activity and pollination outcome of either system. We re-examined previously reported active site amino acid substitutions in PMEs encoded by cross incompatibility loci. We observed that different active site substitutions are present in the pollen and silk PMEs of cross incompatibility loci and these differences are conserved across Ga1, Ga2 and Tcb-1. This work establishes a relationship between total PME activity and the haplotypes of the Ga1 locus in pollinated silks.