Ali Abdolizadeh, Edgardo Torres-Carmona, Yasaman Kambari, Aron Amaev, Jianmeng Song, Fumihiko Ueno, Teruki Koizumi, Shinichiro Nakajima, Sri Mahavir Agarwal, Vincenzo De Luca, Philip Gerretsen, Ariel Graff-Guerrero
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Data included 135 proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) sets, 96 DTI sets, with 79 participants contributing both. MM levels were quantified in the dorsal-anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and dorsal caudate (point resolved spectroscopy, echo-time = 35ms). Diffusivities in the projection and association fibers near the lateral ventricle were measured to calculate DTI-ALPS indices. General linear models were performed, adjusting for age, sex, and smoking. Correlation analyses examined relationships with age, illness duration, and symptoms severity.</p><p><strong>Study results: </strong>MM levels were not different between patients and HCs. However, left, right, and bilateral DTI-ALPS indices were lower in patients compared with HCs (P < .001). In HCs, age was positively correlated with dACC MM and negatively correlated with left, right, and bilateral DTI-ALPS indices (P < .001). In patients, illness duration was positively correlated with dACC MM and negatively correlated with the right DTI-ALPS index (P < .05). In the entire population, dACC MM and DTI-ALPS indices showed an inverse correlation (P < .01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results suggest potential disruptions in the GS of patients with SCZ-SD. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
背景与假设：淋巴系统（GS）是清除大脑废物的途径，在各种神经退行性疾病和血管疾病中都会受到破坏。由于精神分裂症与这些疾病具有相同的临床特征，我们推测精神分裂症谱系障碍（SCZ-SD）患者的GS会受到破坏，表现为脑大分子（MM）增加和沿血管周围空间的弥散张量成像分析（DTI-ALPS）指数降低：研究设计：研究对象为47名健康对照组（HCs）和103名SCZ-SD患者。数据包括 135 组质子磁共振波谱（1H-MRS）和 96 组 DTI，其中 79 名参与者同时提供了这两组数据。对背侧-前扣带回皮层（dACC）、背外侧前额叶皮层和背侧尾状核的 MM 水平进行了量化（点解析光谱，回波时间 = 35ms）。测量了侧脑室附近投射纤维和关联纤维的扩散率，以计算 DTI-ALPS 指数。在对年龄、性别和吸烟进行调整后，建立了一般线性模型。相关分析检验了与年龄、病程和症状严重程度的关系：患者和 HC 之间的 MM 水平没有差异。然而，与普通人相比，患者的左侧、右侧和双侧 DTI-ALPS 指数均较低（P 结论：我们的研究结果表明，患者和普通人的神经系统存在潜在的紊乱：我们的研究结果表明，SCZ-SD 患者的 GS 存在潜在的紊乱。改善大脑废物清除可能是治疗 SCZ-SD 患者的一种潜在方法。
Evaluation of the Glymphatic System in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder Using Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Measurement of Brain Macromolecule and Diffusion Tensor Image Analysis Along the Perivascular Space Index.
Background and hypothesis: The glymphatic system (GS), a brain waste clearance pathway, is disrupted in various neurodegenerative and vascular diseases. As schizophrenia shares clinical characteristics with these conditions, we hypothesized GS disruptions in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SCZ-SD), reflected in increased brain macromolecule (MM) and decreased diffusion-tensor-image-analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) index.
Study design: Forty-seven healthy controls (HCs) and 103 patients with SCZ-SD were studied. Data included 135 proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) sets, 96 DTI sets, with 79 participants contributing both. MM levels were quantified in the dorsal-anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and dorsal caudate (point resolved spectroscopy, echo-time = 35ms). Diffusivities in the projection and association fibers near the lateral ventricle were measured to calculate DTI-ALPS indices. General linear models were performed, adjusting for age, sex, and smoking. Correlation analyses examined relationships with age, illness duration, and symptoms severity.
Study results: MM levels were not different between patients and HCs. However, left, right, and bilateral DTI-ALPS indices were lower in patients compared with HCs (P < .001). In HCs, age was positively correlated with dACC MM and negatively correlated with left, right, and bilateral DTI-ALPS indices (P < .001). In patients, illness duration was positively correlated with dACC MM and negatively correlated with the right DTI-ALPS index (P < .05). In the entire population, dACC MM and DTI-ALPS indices showed an inverse correlation (P < .01).
Conclusions: Our results suggest potential disruptions in the GS of patients with SCZ-SD. Improving brain's waste clearance may offer a potential therapeutic approach for patients with SCZ-SD.
期刊介绍：
Schizophrenia Bulletin seeks to review recent developments and empirically based hypotheses regarding the etiology and treatment of schizophrenia. We view the field as broad and deep, and will publish new knowledge ranging from the molecular basis to social and cultural factors. We will give new emphasis to translational reports which simultaneously highlight basic neurobiological mechanisms and clinical manifestations. Some of the Bulletin content is invited as special features or manuscripts organized as a theme by special guest editors. Most pages of the Bulletin are devoted to unsolicited manuscripts of high quality that report original data or where we can provide a special venue for a major study or workshop report. Supplement issues are sometimes provided for manuscripts reporting from a recent conference.
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