{"title":"含有 14 族重元素的低价化合物的应用","authors":"Ruksana Akhtar, Kumar Gaurav and Shabana Khan","doi":"10.1039/D4CS00101J","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p >Over the last two decades, the low-valent compounds of group-14 elements have received significant attention in several fields of chemistry owing to their unique electronic properties. The low-valent group-14 species include tetrylenes, tetryliumylidene, tetrylones, dimetallenes and dimetallynes. These low-valent group-14 species have shown applications in various areas such as organic transformations (hydroboration, cyanosilylation, N-functionalisation of amines, and hydroamination), small molecule activation (<em>e.g.</em> P<small><sub>4</sub></small>, As<small><sub>4</sub></small>, CO<small><sub>2</sub></small>, CO, H<small><sub>2</sub></small>, alkene, and alkyne) and materials. This review presents an in-depth discussion on low-valent group-14 species-catalyzed reactions, including polymerization of <em>rac</em>-lactide, <small>L</small>-lactide, <small>DL</small>-lactide, and caprolactone, followed by their photophysical properties (phosphorescence and fluorescence), thin film deposition (atomic layer deposition and vapor phase deposition), and medicinal applications. This review concisely summarizes current developments of low-valent heavier group-14 compounds, covering synthetic methodologies, structural aspects, and their applications in various fields of chemistry. Finally, their opportunities and challenges are examined and emphasized.</p>","PeriodicalId":68,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Society Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":40.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Applications of low-valent compounds with heavy group-14 elements\",\"authors\":\"Ruksana Akhtar, Kumar Gaurav and Shabana Khan\",\"doi\":\"10.1039/D4CS00101J\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p >Over the last two decades, the low-valent compounds of group-14 elements have received significant attention in several fields of chemistry owing to their unique electronic properties. The low-valent group-14 species include tetrylenes, tetryliumylidene, tetrylones, dimetallenes and dimetallynes. These low-valent group-14 species have shown applications in various areas such as organic transformations (hydroboration, cyanosilylation, N-functionalisation of amines, and hydroamination), small molecule activation (<em>e.g.</em> P<small><sub>4</sub></small>, As<small><sub>4</sub></small>, CO<small><sub>2</sub></small>, CO, H<small><sub>2</sub></small>, alkene, and alkyne) and materials. This review presents an in-depth discussion on low-valent group-14 species-catalyzed reactions, including polymerization of <em>rac</em>-lactide, <small>L</small>-lactide, <small>DL</small>-lactide, and caprolactone, followed by their photophysical properties (phosphorescence and fluorescence), thin film deposition (atomic layer deposition and vapor phase deposition), and medicinal applications. This review concisely summarizes current developments of low-valent heavier group-14 compounds, covering synthetic methodologies, structural aspects, and their applications in various fields of chemistry. Finally, their opportunities and challenges are examined and emphasized.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":68,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Chemical Society Reviews\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":40.4000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-05-17\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Chemical Society Reviews\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"92\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2024/cs/d4cs00101j\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"化学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Chemical Society Reviews","FirstCategoryId":"92","ListUrlMain":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2024/cs/d4cs00101j","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Applications of low-valent compounds with heavy group-14 elements
Over the last two decades, the low-valent compounds of group-14 elements have received significant attention in several fields of chemistry owing to their unique electronic properties. The low-valent group-14 species include tetrylenes, tetryliumylidene, tetrylones, dimetallenes and dimetallynes. These low-valent group-14 species have shown applications in various areas such as organic transformations (hydroboration, cyanosilylation, N-functionalisation of amines, and hydroamination), small molecule activation (e.g. P4, As4, CO2, CO, H2, alkene, and alkyne) and materials. This review presents an in-depth discussion on low-valent group-14 species-catalyzed reactions, including polymerization of rac-lactide, L-lactide, DL-lactide, and caprolactone, followed by their photophysical properties (phosphorescence and fluorescence), thin film deposition (atomic layer deposition and vapor phase deposition), and medicinal applications. This review concisely summarizes current developments of low-valent heavier group-14 compounds, covering synthetic methodologies, structural aspects, and their applications in various fields of chemistry. Finally, their opportunities and challenges are examined and emphasized.
期刊介绍:
Chemical Society Reviews is published by: Royal Society of Chemistry.
Focus: Review articles on topics of current interest in chemistry;
Predecessors: Quarterly Reviews, Chemical Society (1947–1971);
Current title: Since 1971;
Impact factor: 60.615 (2021);
Themed issues: Occasional themed issues on new and emerging areas of research in the chemical sciences