How to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Performance Management Systems? An Overview of the Literature and a Proposed Integrative Model

The purpose of this study is to propose an integrative model for evaluating the effectiveness of performance management system (PMS). This model aims to systematize the dimensions and criteria used in the literature and provide clarity in terms of evaluation possibilities. A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted to identify the dimensions, criteria, and causal relationships used in evaluating PMS effectiveness. A sample of 57 articles was analyzed using content analysis. The study established dimensions and criteria that have been neglected in the literature. The review resulted in the proposal of an integrative model for evaluating PMS effectiveness, which incorporates individual and organizational dimensions and criteria identified in the literature. It sheds light on recurrently adopted dimensions, particularly those related to individual-level phenomena, and seeks to clarify current conceptual ambiguities. This study’s originality lies in its integrative approach, which diverges from the prevailing tendencies in the field. This study provides clarity regarding the conceptual confusion surrounding ambiguous concepts and generically applied measures that hinder the drawing of certain conclusions about the effectiveness of PMS.