评估白甘蓝和红甘蓝作为番茄栽培中控制约翰逊草的前期植物的效率

Muhammad El Sekran, T. Ustuner
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摘要

实验于2019年和2020年在番茄田和温室中进行,以评估白甘蓝和红甘蓝覆盖和不覆盖对控制约翰逊草的等位效应。确定了这些方法对约翰逊草生命周期的持续时间、密度、长度、茎的鲜重和干重以及根茎的影响。此外,还评估了这些处理对番茄产量和质量的影响。在温室实验中,番茄幼苗与琼草种子和根茎一起种植,并用浓度为 2%、5% 和 10%的植物水提取物进行处理。计算了鹅掌楸的发芽率和干重减少率。通过气相色谱-质谱鉴定了白甘蓝和红甘蓝中含有的异硫氰酸盐。地膜覆盖的白色和红色卷心菜可使约翰逊草的密度分别降低 69.1% 和 65.9%,茎和根茎的干重分别降低 78.2%-74.2% 和 71.3%-68.0%。采用地膜覆盖的白甘蓝和红甘蓝使番茄产量分别增加了 632.1% 和 621.8%。根据气相色谱-质谱分析,白甘蓝中最主要的异硫氰酸盐是 3-(甲基亚磺酰基)丙基(23.43%),红甘蓝中最主要的异硫氰酸盐是 4-(甲基磺酰基)丁基(10.79%)。这些实验结果证实,白甘蓝和红甘蓝都具有等位硫酸潜能,可用于控制杂草。
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Evaluation of the White and Red Cabbage Efficiency as Pre-Plants in the Control of Johnsongrass in Tomato Cultivation
The experiments were conducted in tomato fields and greenhouses in 2019 and 2020 to evaluate the allelopathic effects of white and red cabbage with and without mulch to control johnsongrass. The effect of these methods on Johnsongrass life cycle durations, density, length, fresh and dry weight of stems, and rhizomes were determined. Also, the effect of the treatments on the quantity and quality of tomato production was evaluated. In the greenhouse experiment, tomato seedlings were planted with johnsongrass seeds and rhizomes and were treated with plants' aqueous extracts at concentrations of 2, 5, and 10%. The germination and dry weight reduction percentage of johnsongrass were calculated. Isothiocyanates contained in white and red cabbage were identified by GC-MS. White and red cabbage with mulch reduced johnsongrass density by 69.1 and 65.9%, while the dry weight of stems and rhizomes were reduced by 78.2-74.2% and 71.3-68.0%, respectively. White and red cabbage with mulch treatments achieved an increase in tomato production by 632.1 and 621.8%. According to GC-MS analysis, the predominant isothiocyanate in white cabbage was 3-(methylsulfinyl) propyl (23.43%) and 4-(methylsulfonyl)butyl (10.79%) in red cabbage. The results of these experiments confirm that both white and red cabbage have allelopathic potential that can be used in weed control.
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