研究听力正常的成年人和老年人在噪音中的语音识别能力和工作记忆能力。

IF 1 Q3 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology Pub Date : 2024-02-16 eCollection Date: 2024-07-01 DOI:10.1055/s-0044-1779432
Daniela Aiko Akashi, Maria Cecília Martinelli
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引用次数: 0

摘要

引言 在临床实践中,听力损失程度和结构相同的患者,甚至听阈正常的患者,在言语感知方面的表现却大相径庭。出现这种情况的原因可能是,除了听觉灵敏度之外,还有其他因素干扰了言语感知。因此,需要对听者在不利听力条件下的表现进行研究,以确定干扰这些受试者言语感知的过程。目的 验证年龄、时间处理和工作记忆对噪声中语音识别的影响。方法 38 名听阈正常的成年人和老年人参加了研究。参与者分为两组:成人组(G1)10 人,年龄在 21 至 33 岁之间;老年人组(G2)28 人,年龄在 60 至 81 岁之间。他们接受了听力评估,包括葡萄牙语句子列表测试、噪音间隙测试、数字跨度记忆测试、奔跑跨度任务、Corsi 方块敲击测试和视觉模式测试。结果 跑步跨度任务得分被证明对噪声中听力变量有显著的统计学预测作用。这一结果表明,G1 组和 G2 组在噪声中听力方面的表现差异不仅是由于老化,还与工作记忆的变化有关。结论 该研究表明,工作记忆可以预测听力正常的人在噪声中的听力表现,这项任务可以为调查在不利环境中听力有困难的人提供重要信息。
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Study of Speech Recognition in Noise and Working Memory in Adults and Elderly with Normal Hearing.

Introduction  In clinical practice, patients with the same degree and configuration of hearing loss, or even with normal audiometric thresholds, present substantially different performances in terms of speech perception. This probably happens because other factors, in addition to auditory sensitivity, interfere with speech perception. Thus, studies are needed to investigate the performance of listeners in unfavorable listening conditions to identify the processes that interfere in the speech perception of these subjects. Objective  To verify the influence of age, temporal processing, and working memory on speech recognition in noise. Methods  Thirty-eight adult and elderly individuals with normal hearing thresholds participated in the study. Participants were divided into two groups: The adult group (G1), composed of 10 individuals aged 21 to 33 years, and the elderly group (G2), with 28 participants aged 60 to 81 years. They underwent audiological assessment with the Portuguese Sentence List Test, Gaps-in-Noise test, Digit Span Memory test, Running Span Task, Corsi Block-Tapping test, and Visual Pattern test. Results  The Running Span Task score proved to be a statistically significant predictor of the listening-in-noise variable. This result showed that the difference in performance between groups G1 and G2 in relation to listening in noise is due not only to aging, but also to changes in working memory. Conclusion  The study showed that working memory is a predictor of listening performance in noise in individuals with normal hearing, and that this task can provide important information for investigation in individuals who have difficulty hearing in unfavorable environments.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
84
审稿时长
12 weeks
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