木质部血管大小与葡萄易感衣藻伞菌有关

D. Gerin, Nicola Chimienti, Angelo Agnusdei, Francesco Mannerucci, R. M. De Miccolis Angelini, F. Faretra, S. Pollastro
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摘要

葡萄树干病害是全球餐桌和葡萄种植业面临的一个威胁。Phaeomoniella chlamydospora(Pch)是一种维管真菌,被认为是与葡萄树干病害相关的最重要病原体之一。通过对 50 µm 截面图进行图像分析,并对一龄葡萄树插条进行人工 Pch 接种,研究了 10 种鲜食葡萄和 17 种酿酒葡萄基因型以及 3 种砧木木质部血管特征与 Pch 易感性之间的关系。血管的直径分为 1-30、31-60、61-90、91-120 和 >120 µm。在鲜食葡萄品种中,"Sable"、"Timco "和 "Red Globe "比 "Italia"、"Sugar Crisp "和 "Sugraone "显示出更高的大血管密度(>120 μm)。在酿酒葡萄品种中,"Minutolo"、"Montepulciano"、"Primitivo" CDTa19 和 "Verdeca "的大血管密度高于 "Aglianico"、"Nero di Troia"、"Sangiovese "和 "Susumaniello"。在砧木中,'34 E.M.'、'140 Ruggieri'和'1103 Paulsen'的血管直径依次为 50.8、54.0 和 60.9 μm。对于鲜食葡萄品种,Pch 的再分离率从'Sugar Crisp'和'Sugraone'插条的 13.3% 到'Timco'的 93.3%。酿酒葡萄品种的 Pch 重分离率从 51.1%('Bombino nero'、'Negroamaro' D15 和'Sangiovese')到 81.1%('Montepulciano')不等,而砧木的重分离率则从 33%到 51%不等。主成分分析(PCA)显示,大血管的频率与 Pch 再分离之间存在正相关。此外,在酿酒葡萄和砧木中,插条侧部较高的 Pch 再分离频率与较高的大血管频率相关(r = 0.79)。这些结果突显了葡萄木质部血管大小与对衣孢菌易感性之间的关系,值得进一步研究。
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Xylem Vessel Size Is Related to Grapevine Susceptibility to Phaeomoniella chlamydospora
Grapevine trunk diseases are a threat to table- and grape-wine cultivation worldwide. Phaeomoniella chlamydospora (Pch) is a vascular fungus recognized as one of the most important pathogens associated with grapevine trunk diseases. The relationships between xylem vessel features and Pch susceptibility of 10 table- and 17 wine-grape genotypes, as well as 3 rootstocks, were investigated by image analysis of 50 µm cross-sections and artificial Pch inoculation on one-year-old vine cuttings. Vessels were grouped in the diameter classes 1–30, 31–60, 61–90, 91–120, and >120 µm. Among the table-grape varieties, ‘Sable’, ‘Timco’, and ‘Red Globe’ showed higher densities of large vessels (>120 μm) than ‘Italia’, ‘Sugar Crisp’, and ‘Sugraone’. Among the wine-grape varieties, ‘Minutolo’, ‘Montepulciano’, ‘Primitivo’ CDTa19, and ‘Verdeca’ showed higher densities of large vessels than ‘Aglianico’, ‘Nero di Troia’, ‘Sangiovese’, and ‘Susumaniello’. In the rootstocks, the vessel diameters were 50.8, 54.0, and 60.9 μm for ‘34 E.M.’, ‘140 Ruggieri’, and ‘1103 Paulsen’, in that order. For table-grape varieties, Pch was re-isolated from 13.3% for ‘Sugar Crisp’ and ‘Sugraone’ cuttings up to 93.3% for ‘Timco’. For wine-grape varieties, Pch re-isolation ranged from 51.1% (‘Bombino nero’, ‘Negroamaro’ D15, and ‘Sangiovese’) to 81.1% (‘Montepulciano’), while for the rootstocks, the values were from 33 to 51%. A principal component analysis (PCA) revealed a positive correlation between the frequencies of large vessels and Pch re-isolation. In addition, in wine grapes and rootstocks, higher Pch re-isolation frequencies in the lateral parts of cuttings were correlated (r = 0.79) to a higher frequency of large vessels. The results highlight relationships between grapevine xylem vessel sizes and susceptibility to P. chlamydospora that are worthy of further research.
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