An Overview of Humus state in reclaimed lands, Bulgaria. Bulgarian experience in Wales, UK

Soil forming process is accompanied by the accumulation of organic matter. Soil organic matter is an important component of soil physical characteristics, physico-chemical characteristics, formation of organo-mineral complexes for natural soils and determines soil fertility. All over the world large territories are disturbed after open-cast and underground coal mining processes demand biological land reclamation. Worldwide, forestation with different tree species and grasses are well known approaches and practices. Knowledge and experience on soil forming processes and humus formation in the initial stage clarify the direction and intensity of these important processes in land reclamation. Content of organic carbon and organic matter composition for different test plots of reclaimed lands in “Maritsa Iztok” JSCo and Pernik coal basin is discussed. Information on the land reclamation with zeolite materials in “Maritsa Iztok” JSCo is presented. Data on the Bulgarian experience of afforestation in Wales, UK is described.