Mechanism and Antifungal Activities Vulvovaginal Candidiasis Isolated from Patients Against Ethanol Extracts of Parameria laevigata (Juss.) Moldenke Stem Bark

current antibiotic resistance situation. Antimicrobial stewardship programs and high drug screening are two of the measures that are being used. Today, fungal infections are severe health problems. Utilizing plant-based natural compounds that are effective against various human pathogenic fungi is one method for preventing the issues associated with fungal infection. In this research, extracts are used as an option to treat patients with Candida albicans infection. The research aimed to examine the antifungal properties of an ethanol extract from Parameria laevigata (Juss.) Moldenke stem bark against C. albicans isolated from patients. Methods: This research used a microdilution method. C. albicans from patients diagnosed with vulvovaginal candidiasis. The test sample is 70% and 96% ethanol extracted from P. laevigata stem bark. Data analysis used One-way ANOVA with a P value of 0.000. Results: The result showed that PLE-70 can inhibit the growth of C. albicans with the highest %inhibition for ATCC 14053, CP-1, CP-2, CP-3, and CP-4, respectively 36.39%; 37.51%; 38.66%; 45.78%; 84.87%. PLE-96 can inhibit the growth of C. albicans with the highest %inhibition for ATCC 14053, CP-1, CP-2, CP-3, and CP-4 respectively 17.49%; 17.77%; 29.27%; 34.12%; 38.42%. Conclusion: It was concluded that the ethanol extract from P. laevigata stem bark can inhibit C. albicans isolated from vulvovaginal candidiasis patients