淡水纤毛虫的热反应：它们能在湖泊温度升高时生存吗？

IF 2.8 2区生物学 Q2 ECOLOGY Freshwater Biology Pub Date : 2024-07-18 DOI:10.1111/fwb.14302

Thomas Weisse

引用次数: 0

摘要

纤毛虫是一种定义明确、物种丰富、用途广泛的异养和混养原生动物。它们对全球变暖期间温度升高的反应对淡水食物网的结构和功能至关重要。我对实地研究文献和实验证据进行了荟萃分析，以评估淡水纤毛虫热响应的特征参数。热性能曲线的形状预测了纤毛虫在超理想温度下的存活率（即热安全边际的宽度）。纤毛虫的典型热安全系数约为 5°C。三分之二以上长期或偶尔生活在表层的淡水纤毛虫无法在超过 30°C 的温度下生存。同样，占浮游纤毛虫很大一部分的低温恒温物种也无法通过进化适应迅速变暖的环境。统计分析表明，纤毛虫的耐热性能受到其浮游生活方式（上浮游与下浮游）、形成包囊的能力和营养生态学的影响。食菌纤毛虫的温度生态位最宽，而食藻纤毛虫的温度生态位最窄。表型可塑性和遗传变异有利于在新环境中选择预先适应的物种，这在淡水纤毛虫中非常普遍。然而，由于缺乏最适温度的证据以及大多数物种的耐受极限定义不精确，妨碍了目前的分析。除了目前选取的少数几种纤毛虫外，还需要对更多的纤毛虫物种进行进一步研究，以了解其适应性和适应程度。最近的生态进化实验工作和建模方法表明，纤毛虫的热反应遵循生态学代谢理论和酶动力学固有的机械功能所预测的一般趋势。本分析确定了目前的知识空白和未来研究的途径，可作为其他生物群的示范研究。对热的适应可能会与对其他压力因素（捕食者、食物供应、pH 值）的适应相冲突，因此目前很难（如果不是不可能的话）对淡水纤毛虫未来在更温暖环境中的作用做出一般性预测。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Freshwater Biology 生物-海洋与淡水生物学

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

3.70%

发文量

162

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Freshwater Biology publishes papers on all aspects of the ecology of inland waters, including rivers and lakes, ground waters, flood plains and other freshwater wetlands. We include studies of micro-organisms, algae, macrophytes, invertebrates, fish and other vertebrates, as well as those concerning whole systems and related physical and chemical aspects of the environment, provided that they have clear biological relevance. Studies may focus at any level in the ecological hierarchy from physiological ecology and animal behaviour, through population dynamics and evolutionary genetics, to community interactions, biogeography and ecosystem functioning. They may also be at any scale: from microhabitat to landscape, and continental to global. Preference is given to research, whether meta-analytical, experimental, theoretical or descriptive, highlighting causal (ecological) mechanisms from which clearly stated hypotheses are derived. Manuscripts with an experimental or conceptual flavour are particularly welcome, as are those or which integrate laboratory and field work, and studies from less well researched areas of the world. Priority is given to submissions that are likely to interest a wide range of readers. We encourage submission of papers well grounded in ecological theory that deal with issues related to the conservation and management of inland waters. Papers interpreting fundamental research in a way that makes clear its applied, strategic or socio-economic relevance are also welcome. Review articles (FRESHWATER BIOLOGY REVIEWS) and discussion papers (OPINION) are also invited: these enable authors to publish high-quality material outside the constraints of standard research papers.