[Diagnosis and treatment of small-cell carcinoma of the prostate: A report of 2 cases].

Objective: To explore the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, pathological features and treatment of small-cell carcinoma of the prostate (SCCP).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of the clinical and pathological data of 2 cases of confirmed SCCP treated from November 2017 to March 2018, and reviewed relevant literature.

Results: Both the patients had the symptoms of frequent, urgent and difficult urination, with an elevated level of PSA and gradesⅡ－Ⅲ enlargement of the prostate at palpation. One underwent prostate puncture biopsy and the other received transurethral 1470 laser vaporization resection of the tumor. Postoperative pathology indicated prostate adenocarcinoma accompanied by SCCP in both of the cases. One of them was treated by etoposide-platinum (EP) chemotherapy and died of systemic multiple organ failure 20 months after diagnosis, while the other underwent endocrine therapy and has lived with tumor up to the present day.

Conclusion: The incidence rate of SCCP is low, its malignancy is high, and its prognosis is poor. The average survival of the patient is about 7 to 10 months after diagnosis. Currently there is no effective management of the dissease, except by relying on the experience of the treatment of small-cell lung cancer, with chemotherapy as the main option.