十九至二十世纪丹麦储蓄银行组织文化的转变

Ievgenii Drachko-Yermolenko
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Close cooperation between savings banks of different sizes and authorized capital has reinforced the perception of a common culture and identity based on the realization that savings banks represent an alternative to commercial banks based on a different set of values and understanding of financial services. The loss of the values of the savings movement in the country led to the concentration and centralization of industrial capital, revision of banking legislation, the formation of a developed infrastructure of commercial banks and the creation of financial conglomerates. The purpose is to assess the transformation of the organizational culture of Danish savings banks and its impact on changing the economic behavior of society. Methods. The study used methods of anthropological and historical analysis, sociological and interdisciplinary approaches. Results. The study of cultural features and changes in the organizational culture of savings banks is based on three theoretical approaches: integrative, differential, fragmentary. All three manifestations of culture coexist in any organization, as well as within its internal strategy. It was determined that there is a close relationship between the culture of the organization and its identity The leading narratives play an important role in the constant construction of identity. The author analyzes the cultural identity of the savings movement in Denmark, which is associated with a new class of workers, shopkeepers, and farmers who had no or insufficient collateral to obtain a loan and had limited access to credit. In the last third of the nineteenth century, the cooperative movement of savings banks grew significantly. Savings banks had a solid customer base and generally, better reputation than commercial banks. This development also strengthened the narrative of savings banks. This was especially evident in the interwar period, when the Danish commercial banking system experienced a devastating crisis that significantly damaged its reputation. Conclusions. The cooperative movement in Denmark during the nineteenth and first half of the twentieth century was leading. The narrative about savings banks formed the cultural context in which commercial banks and savings banks were assigned specific cultural, political and economic properties. This historical narrative gained its followers and spread both inside and outside of savings banks. The article focuses on the processes of transformation of the organizational culture of savings banks, when during the 1960s and 1970s they went through a controversial and complex transition that destroyed their unity. From a movement with a common historical past, the community split into segments with different narratives and strategies. 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引用次数: 0

摘要

导言。对储蓄银行组织文化转型的研究与二十世纪中期欧洲银行业务公司化趋势的流行有关。在这一过程中,历史叙事对丹麦储蓄银行的发展产生了强大的影响。后者是与大型金融资本争夺居民储蓄和贷款机会的主旋律。问题陈述。丹麦储蓄银行组织文化的转型变革对其在竞争日益激烈的市场中生存和成功的能力至关重要。不同规模和授权资本的储蓄银行之间的紧密合作加强了对共同文化和身份的认识,这种认识的基础是储蓄银行代表了商业银行的另一种选择,它基于一套不同的价值观和对金融服务的理解。国内储蓄运动价值观的丧失导致了产业资本的集中和集中化、银行立法的修订、商业银行发达基础设施的形成以及金融集团的创建。目的是评估丹麦储蓄银行组织文化的转变及其对改变社会经济行为的影响。研究方法。研究采用了人类学和历史分析方法、社会学和跨学科方法。结果。对储蓄银行的文化特征和组织文化变革的研究基于三种理论方法:整合性、差异性和片段性。这三种文化表现形式在任何组织及其内部战略中都是共存的。主导叙事在身份认同的不断构建中发挥着重要作用。作者分析了丹麦储蓄运动的文化身份,该运动与工人、店主和农民这一新阶层有关,他们没有或没有足够的抵押品来获得贷款,获得信贷的机会有限。十九世纪后三分之一时期,储蓄银行的合作运动得到了长足发展。与商业银行相比,储蓄银行拥有坚实的客户基础和良好的声誉。这一发展也加强了储蓄银行的地位。这一点在战时尤为明显,当时丹麦的商业银行体系经历了一场毁灭性的危机,声誉严重受损。结论。19 世纪和 20 世纪上半叶,丹麦的合作社运动处于领先地位。关于储蓄银行的叙述形成了一种文化背景,在这种背景下,商业银行和储蓄银行被赋予了特定的文化、政治和经济属性。这种历史叙事在储蓄银行内外都得到了追随者和传播。文章重点介绍了储蓄银行组织文化的转变过程,在 20 世纪 60 年代和 70 年代,储蓄银行经历了有争议的、复杂的转型,这种转型破坏了储蓄银行的统一性。从一场具有共同历史的运动分裂成具有不同叙事和战略的群体。大型储蓄银行变成了股份制商业银行,而小型和一些中型储蓄银行仍然是合作组织。
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Transformation of the organizational culture of Danish savings banks in the XIX-XX centuries
Introduction. The study of the transformation of the organizational culture of savings banks is related to the popularization of the European trend of corporatization of the banking business in the mid-twentieth century. This process was accompanied by a powerful influence of the historical narrative on the development of savings banking in Denmark, where the mood of leading public organizations with a pronounced social position prevailed. The latter was the leitmotif in the struggle with big financial capital for access to savings and lending to the population. Problem Statement. Transformational changes in the organizational culture of Danish savings banks were crucial to their ability to survive and succeed in increasingly competitive markets. Close cooperation between savings banks of different sizes and authorized capital has reinforced the perception of a common culture and identity based on the realization that savings banks represent an alternative to commercial banks based on a different set of values and understanding of financial services. The loss of the values of the savings movement in the country led to the concentration and centralization of industrial capital, revision of banking legislation, the formation of a developed infrastructure of commercial banks and the creation of financial conglomerates. The purpose is to assess the transformation of the organizational culture of Danish savings banks and its impact on changing the economic behavior of society. Methods. The study used methods of anthropological and historical analysis, sociological and interdisciplinary approaches. Results. The study of cultural features and changes in the organizational culture of savings banks is based on three theoretical approaches: integrative, differential, fragmentary. All three manifestations of culture coexist in any organization, as well as within its internal strategy. It was determined that there is a close relationship between the culture of the organization and its identity The leading narratives play an important role in the constant construction of identity. The author analyzes the cultural identity of the savings movement in Denmark, which is associated with a new class of workers, shopkeepers, and farmers who had no or insufficient collateral to obtain a loan and had limited access to credit. In the last third of the nineteenth century, the cooperative movement of savings banks grew significantly. Savings banks had a solid customer base and generally, better reputation than commercial banks. This development also strengthened the narrative of savings banks. This was especially evident in the interwar period, when the Danish commercial banking system experienced a devastating crisis that significantly damaged its reputation. Conclusions. The cooperative movement in Denmark during the nineteenth and first half of the twentieth century was leading. The narrative about savings banks formed the cultural context in which commercial banks and savings banks were assigned specific cultural, political and economic properties. This historical narrative gained its followers and spread both inside and outside of savings banks. The article focuses on the processes of transformation of the organizational culture of savings banks, when during the 1960s and 1970s they went through a controversial and complex transition that destroyed their unity. From a movement with a common historical past, the community split into segments with different narratives and strategies. Large savings banks became joint-stock commercial banks, while small and some medium-sized savings banks remained cooperative organizations.
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