{"title":"了解 TiCx-钢系统的润湿性和溶解特性","authors":"Wen Gao , Yang Zhou , Songze Wu , Wenqing Wei , Chunpeng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2024.106841","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Dense non-stoichiometric TiC<sub>x</sub> ceramics (TiC<sub>0.8</sub>, TiC<sub>0.73</sub>, TiC<sub>0.7</sub> and TiC<sub>0.58</sub>) had been fabricated by Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) at elevated temperature and pressure. High temperature contact angle tests were performed on TiC<sub>x</sub>-45 steel/brake disc (BD) materials using a sessile drop technique. The influence of temperature, ceramic and steel composition on wetting behavior was examined, and the interfacial reactions during liquid penetration were explored. The results had established that increased temperatures and decreased ceramic x values enhanced the wetting of TiC<sub>x</sub>-steel systems. The wetting mechanisms of TiC<sub>0.8</sub>–45 steel, TiC<sub>0.73</sub>–45 steel, and TiC<sub>0.7</sub>–45 steel systems were driven by dissolution effects with the formation of TiC and Fe. Conversely, wetting of TiC<sub>0.58</sub>–45 steel was driven by reaction that resulted in the formation of brittle Fe<sub>2</sub>Ti. Careful control of the C/Ti ratio was essential to prevent Fe<sub>2</sub>Ti formation where the optimum TiC<sub>x</sub> composition was identified (x = 0.7). At high temperatures, Ti atoms in TiC<sub>x</sub> were more likely to combine with C atoms from Cr and Mo carbides, promoting BD material diffusion in TiC<sub>x</sub>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 106841"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Understanding the wettability and solubility properties of TiCx-steel systems\",\"authors\":\"Wen Gao , Yang Zhou , Songze Wu , Wenqing Wei , Chunpeng Zhang\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2024.106841\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Dense non-stoichiometric TiC<sub>x</sub> ceramics (TiC<sub>0.8</sub>, TiC<sub>0.73</sub>, TiC<sub>0.7</sub> and TiC<sub>0.58</sub>) had been fabricated by Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) at elevated temperature and pressure. High temperature contact angle tests were performed on TiC<sub>x</sub>-45 steel/brake disc (BD) materials using a sessile drop technique. The influence of temperature, ceramic and steel composition on wetting behavior was examined, and the interfacial reactions during liquid penetration were explored. The results had established that increased temperatures and decreased ceramic x values enhanced the wetting of TiC<sub>x</sub>-steel systems. The wetting mechanisms of TiC<sub>0.8</sub>–45 steel, TiC<sub>0.73</sub>–45 steel, and TiC<sub>0.7</sub>–45 steel systems were driven by dissolution effects with the formation of TiC and Fe. Conversely, wetting of TiC<sub>0.58</sub>–45 steel was driven by reaction that resulted in the formation of brittle Fe<sub>2</sub>Ti. Careful control of the C/Ti ratio was essential to prevent Fe<sub>2</sub>Ti formation where the optimum TiC<sub>x</sub> composition was identified (x = 0.7). At high temperatures, Ti atoms in TiC<sub>x</sub> were more likely to combine with C atoms from Cr and Mo carbides, promoting BD material diffusion in TiC<sub>x</sub>.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":14216,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials\",\"volume\":\"124 \",\"pages\":\"Article 106841\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-08-06\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"88\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0263436824002890\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"材料科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0263436824002890","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
在高温高压下，通过火花等离子烧结（SPS）技术制造了致密的非共沸态 TiC 陶瓷（TiC、TiC、TiC 和 TiC）。在 TiC-45 钢/制动盘 (BD) 材料上使用无柄液滴技术进行了高温接触角测试。研究了温度、陶瓷和钢成分对润湿行为的影响，并探讨了液体渗透过程中的界面反应。结果表明，温度升高和陶瓷 x 值降低会增强 TiC-钢体系的润湿性。TiC-45 钢、TiC-45 钢和 TiC-45 钢体系的润湿机制是由 TiC 和铁形成的溶解效应驱动的。相反，TiC-45 钢的润湿是由形成脆性 FeTi 的反应驱动的。在确定最佳 TiC 成分（x = 0.7）的情况下，谨慎控制 C/Ti 比率对防止形成铁钛至关重要。在高温下，TiC 中的 Ti 原子更有可能与来自 Cr 和 Mo 碳化物的 C 原子结合，从而促进 TiC 中的 BD 材料扩散。
Understanding the wettability and solubility properties of TiCx-steel systems
Dense non-stoichiometric TiCx ceramics (TiC0.8, TiC0.73, TiC0.7 and TiC0.58) had been fabricated by Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) at elevated temperature and pressure. High temperature contact angle tests were performed on TiCx-45 steel/brake disc (BD) materials using a sessile drop technique. The influence of temperature, ceramic and steel composition on wetting behavior was examined, and the interfacial reactions during liquid penetration were explored. The results had established that increased temperatures and decreased ceramic x values enhanced the wetting of TiCx-steel systems. The wetting mechanisms of TiC0.8–45 steel, TiC0.73–45 steel, and TiC0.7–45 steel systems were driven by dissolution effects with the formation of TiC and Fe. Conversely, wetting of TiC0.58–45 steel was driven by reaction that resulted in the formation of brittle Fe2Ti. Careful control of the C/Ti ratio was essential to prevent Fe2Ti formation where the optimum TiCx composition was identified (x = 0.7). At high temperatures, Ti atoms in TiCx were more likely to combine with C atoms from Cr and Mo carbides, promoting BD material diffusion in TiCx.
期刊介绍：
The International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials (IJRMHM) publishes original research articles concerned with all aspects of refractory metals and hard materials. Refractory metals are defined as metals with melting points higher than 1800 °C. These are tungsten, molybdenum, chromium, tantalum, niobium, hafnium, and rhenium, as well as many compounds and alloys based thereupon. Hard materials that are included in the scope of this journal are defined as materials with hardness values higher than 1000 kg/mm2, primarily intended for applications as manufacturing tools or wear resistant components in mechanical systems. Thus they encompass carbides, nitrides and borides of metals, and related compounds. A special focus of this journal is put on the family of hardmetals, which is also known as cemented tungsten carbide, and cermets which are based on titanium carbide and carbonitrides with or without a metal binder. Ceramics and superhard materials including diamond and cubic boron nitride may also be accepted provided the subject material is presented as hard materials as defined above.
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