Comparison of four different file systems in terms of transportation in S-shaped canals and apically extruded debris.

Purpose: This study evaluated transportation and extruded debris during preparation using different instruments.

Methods: Sixty resin blocks with S-shaped canals and 60 extracted teeth were separated into four groups (n = 15), which were instrumented with Reciproc Blue, XP-endo Shaper, WaveOne Gold, and Twisted File Adaptive. For evaluating transportation, pre- and post-preparation images were obtained under a stereomicroscope and superimposed with digital software. The distance between the inner and outer canal walls was measured. For the evaluation of debris extrusion, the samples were placed in Eppendorf tubes and instrumented using one of the four rotary files. The initial weight was subtracted from the post-instrumentation weight to determine the amount of extruded debris. The Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn multiple tests were performed.

Results: For transportation, no significant difference was found between the XP-endo Shaper-Twisted File Adaptive systems and between Reciproc Blue-WaveOne Gold groups (P > 0.05). The XP-endo Shaper and Twisted File Adaptive techniques led to significantly less transportation compared to the other systems (P < 0.05). Regarding debris extrusion, the XP-endo Shaper system extruded significantly less debris than the other groups (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: XP-endo Shaper extruded less debris compared to other groups, while XP-endo Shaper and Twisted File Adaptive caused less transportation than other files.