美国可再生燃料标准对玉米和大豆种植的主要影响

T. Jake Smith, GianCarlo Moschini
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摘要

我们利用观察到的作物选择和乙醇生产的丰富空间数据来估算乙醇工厂对当地的影响以及 2007 年美国可再生燃料标准(RFS2)对作物种植模式的总体影响。我们发现,RFS2 使玉米总面积增加了 9.7%,玉米单一种植面积增加了 16.8%,大豆面积增加了 6.7%。研究结果表明,RFS2 引发了玉米带玉米和大豆种植地理格局的变化--核心地区玉米和大豆种植面积增加,外围地区玉米和大豆种植面积显著扩大。
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Major impacts of the US Renewable Fuel Standard on corn and soybean cultivation

We use rich spatial data on observed crop choices and ethanol production to estimate the local impacts of ethanol plants and the overall impact of the 2007 US Renewable Fuel Standard (the RFS2) on crop patterns. We find that the RFS2 increased total corn area by 9.7%, corn monoculture by 16.8%, and soybean area by 6.7%, with notable spatial heterogeneity in both the overall impact and the local effects of ethanol plants. The results indicate an RFS2-induced shift in the geography of corn and soybean cultivation within the Corn Belt—intensification in the core, and significant expansion near the periphery.

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