Gowtam Mannam, Justin W. Miller, Jeffrey S. Johnson, Keerthi Gullapalli, Adnan Fazili, Philippe E. Spiess, Jad Chahoud
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引用次数: 0
摘要
阴茎癌(PC)是一种以鳞状细胞为主的罕见恶性肿瘤。约 40% 的阴茎肿瘤与人类乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 感染有关。由于 PC 的罕见性和临床表现的多样性,PC 的诊断仍然具有挑战性。此外,HPV 对肿瘤免疫微环境的影响也使临床治疗变得更加复杂,尽管免疫检查点抑制剂(ICIs)的最新进展已显示出治疗 HPV 相关 PC 的一定疗效。目前的研究工作旨在开发针对 HPV 诱导的细胞修饰的肿瘤治疗方法。此外,针对 HPV 肿瘤蛋白的新型治疗疫苗和收养 T 细胞疗法也是新兴的治疗模式。我们的综述强调了 HPV 与阴茎癌变之间复杂的相互作用,强调了其流行病学、病因学、临床病理学特征和潜在的治疗意义。
HPV and Penile Cancer: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Clinical Insights
Penile cancer (PC) is a rare malignancy predominantly of squamous cell origin. Approximately 40% of penile tumors are associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Diagnosing PC remains challenging due to its rarity and variety of clinical presentations. Furthermore, the impact of HPV on the tumor immune microenvironment complicates clinical management, although recent advancements in immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown some efficacy in treating HPV-associated PC. Ongoing research efforts aim to develop oncologic treatments that target HPV-induced cellular modifications. Additionally, novel therapeutic vaccines and adoptive T-cell therapies targeting HPV oncoproteins represent emerging treatment modalities. Our review highlights the complex interplay between HPV and penile carcinogenesis, emphasizing its epidemiology, etiology, clinicopathological characteristics, and potential therapeutic implications.
期刊介绍:
Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817) publishes reviews, regular research papers and short notes on all aspects of pathogens and pathogen-host interactions. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical research in as much detail as possible. Full experimental and/or methodical details must be provided for research articles.