由于西班牙猪鱼(Bodianus rufus)的捕食,实验室重新放养的长刺海胆(Diadema antillarum)的存活率很低

IF 2.8 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY Restoration Ecology Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI:10.1111/rec.14264
Tom Wijers, Oliver Klokman, Albertinka J. Murk, Jilles Sijbrandij, Alwin Hylkema
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引用次数: 0

摘要

20 世纪 80 年代,长刺海胆 Diadema antillarum 的死亡凸显了它作为西大西洋热带珊瑚礁主要食草动物的重要作用。然而,自然恢复的速度一直很慢,2022 年新一轮的死亡又加剧了这一状况。随着培养和饲养技术的出现,人们对积极恢复 D. antillarum 种群的兴趣与日俱增。用实验室饲养的海胆重新投放珊瑚礁,可以减少藻类覆盖,促进珊瑚定居,从而提高珊瑚礁的恢复能力,但成功率各不相同。捕食和迁移是造成海胆存留率低的原因,而区分捕食和迁移是一项挑战。在荷兰加勒比海萨巴岛附近进行的这项研究中,我们在珊瑚礁上释放了 200 只实验室饲养的海胆,并对海胆的滞留情况以及潜在的海胆捕食者的存在和相互作用进行了长达 35 天的监测。第一天后,只有 40% 的海胆仍在珊瑚礁上。西班牙猪鱼(Bodianus rufus)被确定为主要的日间捕食者,造成了 9 起直接捕食事件。没有观察到夜间捕食现象,但注意到与蝙蝠翼珊瑚蟹 Carpilius corallinus 的相互作用。这些见解有助于优化未来的重新放养尝试,并强调了事先评估捕食者存在的重要性。应避免在捕食者(如西班牙猪鱼)数量较多的礁石上重新投放鳗鲡。此外,在释放之前,应将实验室饲养的动物置于受保护的原位笼中,让它们有时间适应野外环境。在这里,它们还可以长到更大的体型,不那么容易被捕食。
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Low retention of restocked laboratory‐reared long‐spined sea urchins Diadema antillarum due to Spanish hogfish Bodianus rufus predation
The die‐off of the long‐spined sea urchin Diadema antillarum in the 1980s highlighted its crucial role as a primary grazer in tropical western Atlantic coral reefs. However, natural recovery has been slow, exacerbated by a new die‐off in 2022. Interest in actively restoring D. antillarum populations has grown with the emergence of culture and rearing techniques. Restocking reefs with laboratory‐reared urchins shows potential for enhancing coral reef resilience by reducing algal cover and promoting coral settlement, but success rates vary. Predation and migration contribute to low retention rates, with distinguishing between them is challenging. In this study near Saba, Caribbean Netherlands, we released 200 laboratory‐reared D. antillarum on a reef and monitored for D. antillarum retention and potential D. antillarum predator presence and interaction for 35 days. Only 40% of the urchins were still present on the reef after day one. The Spanish hogfish Bodianus rufus was identified as the primary daytime predator, responsible for nine direct predation events. No nighttime predation was observed, but interaction with a batwing coral crab Carpilius corallinus was noted. These insights can help optimize future restocking attempts and emphasize the importance of assessing predator presence beforehand. Reefs with high abundances of predators such as Spanish hogfish should be avoided for D antillarum restocking. In addition, before being released, lab‐reared animals should be given time to acclimate to conditions in the wild by being placed in protected in situ cages. Here, they could also grow to larger sizes that are less vulnerable to predation.
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来源期刊
Restoration Ecology
Restoration Ecology 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
6.50
自引率
15.60%
发文量
226
审稿时长
12-24 weeks
期刊介绍: Restoration Ecology fosters the exchange of ideas among the many disciplines involved with ecological restoration. Addressing global concerns and communicating them to the international research community and restoration practitioners, the journal is at the forefront of a vital new direction in science, ecology, and policy. Original papers describe experimental, observational, and theoretical studies on terrestrial, marine, and freshwater systems, and are considered without taxonomic bias. Contributions span the natural sciences, including ecological and biological aspects, as well as the restoration of soil, air and water when set in an ecological context; and the social sciences, including cultural, philosophical, political, educational, economic and historical aspects. Edited by a distinguished panel, the journal continues to be a major conduit for researchers to publish their findings in the fight to not only halt ecological damage, but also to ultimately reverse it.
期刊最新文献
How does restoration ecology consider climate change uncertainties in forested ecosystems? Does decline and recovery process affect clonal and genetic diversity of a coastal plant population? Salt tolerance of native trees relevant to the restoration of degraded landscapes in the Monte region, Argentina Frequency of association: a key indicator for assessing livestock grazing effects on dryland plant interactions, applicable in restoration Low retention of restocked laboratory‐reared long‐spined sea urchins Diadema antillarum due to Spanish hogfish Bodianus rufus predation
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