Fenestrated over-the-needle catheter fracture during thoracocentesis in a cat.

Case summary: A 6-year-old castrated male domestic shorthair cat was evaluated for recurrent pleural effusion, atrial fibrillation and suspected congestive heart failure. During thoracocentesis, the fenestrated over-the-needle catheter became fractured and a catheter fragment remained in the patient's left pleural space. Later in the course of treatment, the patient acutely decompensated and was euthanized. There were no immediately observed complications associated with the retained catheter fragment.

Relevance and novel information: To the authors' knowledge, there are no reports of over-the-needle catheter fractures with retained pleural catheter fragments in veterinary medicine. Similar cases in humans have been successfully managed with and without removal of catheter fragments. In veterinary medicine, the decision to attempt removal of a catheter fragment must consider both the likelihood of related morbidity and the patient's ability to tolerate an invasive procedure.