Response surface optimization for supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of Korarima (Aframomum corrorima) seed oil and its antibacterial activity evaluation

Oils extracted from natural plants are valuable resources because of their diverse biocidal activity against microorganisms. This paper reports, for the first time, supercritical CO₂ extraction of oil from Korarima (Aframomum corrorima) seeds and its antibacterial activity evaluation. The influences of pressure, temperature, and extraction time on the yield of supercritical CO₂-extracted oil (scCO₂-extracted oil) were optimized using the Response Surface Methodology. Under the optimal extraction conditions of 46 °C, 15.5 MPa, and 147 min, the extraction yield reached 1.60±0.04 %, consistent with the theoretical value of 1.58 %. The compositions of the scCO₂-extracted oil were identified by GC-MS, primarily consisting of nerolidol (33.97–41.20 %), geraniol (23.08–24.50 %), and α-terpinene (8.90–9.06 %). The oil exhibited significant antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus. aureus with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 1 mg·mL⁻¹. This study highlights the potential applications of supercritical CO₂ extraction technology for extracting Korarima seed oil and its use as an antibacterial ingredient in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.