Day-case laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the management of gallbladder disease: a literature review.

Background: Day-case laparoscopic cholecystectomy (DCLC) has gained traction globally due to its benefits, including shorter hospital stays, reduced costs, and enhanced patient experience. While concerns about patient safety, particularly related to bleeding and bile duct injury persist, the literature supports the efficacy and advantages of DCLC highlighting the need for its wider adoption in healthcare settings to optimise resources and improve patient outcomes.

Methods: This was a literature review that aims to assess the feasibility and safety of day-case laparoscopic cholecystectomy for symptomatic gallstone patients, focusing on incidence and aetiology of unexpected admissions and readmissions, as well as conversion-to-open rates. PubMed was searched for all studies focusing on DCLC between 2014 and 2024. The timeframe was specifically selected to identify recent trends and practices in this evolving field. By focusing on this specific period, the review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of current practices, emerging trends, and the evolving standard of care in this area.

Results: This review highlights that the main causes of unexpected admission post DCLC were postoperative nausea, vomiting, and pain, while the implementation of anaesthetic pathways notably increased day-case rates. Studies addressing complication rates postoperatively consistently found no significant difference between day-case and in-patient procedures.

Conclusions: DCLC for symptomatic gallstone patients is supported by research as safe and effective, with high success rates and patient satisfaction. Studies show minimal complications and acceptable readmission rates, suggesting that DCLC can be the standard approach for selective patients, improving outcomes and healthcare efficiency.