近视的流行病学：近视的发病率、风险因素和影响。

IF 0.8 4区医学 Q4 OPHTHALMOLOGY Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-09 DOI:10.1055/a-2340-1790

Susanne Hopf, Alexander Schuster

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引用次数: 0

摘要

近视是儿童和青少年视力受损的最常见原因。为了评估近视对社会造成的影响，有必要根据流行病学研究，了解儿童和青少年时期近视流行率、发病率和相关因素的时间趋势，以及近视发展的速度。本文对 2020 年至 2024 年 3 月期间的出版物进行了文献综述，并对其他相关出版物进行了补充。德国儿童和青少年的近视发病率基本保持稳定，明显低于亚洲。近视的发展受户外活动、父母近视、遗传和近距离工作的影响，而儿童时期户外活动时间不足是近视相关并发症（如近视性黄斑病变、青光眼和视网膜脱离）的一个重要且可控的风险因素。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Epidemiology of Myopia: Prevalence, Risk Factors and Effects of Myopia.

Myopia is the most common cause of visual impairment in children and young adults. In order to assess the consequences for society, it is necessary to know temporal trends in prevalence, incidence and associated factors in childhood and adolescence, as well as the rate of myopia progression, as based on epidemiological research. This paper presents a literature review of publications from 2020 up to March 2024, supplemented by other relevant publications. The prevalence of myopia in children and adolescents in Germany is almost stable and is significantly lower than in Asia. The development of myopia is influenced by outdoor activity, parental myopia, genetics and near work, while insufficient time spent outdoors in childhood is a significant and controllable risk factor for myopia-related complications such as myopic maculopathy, glaucoma, and retinal detachment.

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来源期刊

Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde 医学-眼科学

CiteScore

1.30

自引率

0.00%

发文量

235

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

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