{"title":"母子界面:神经生物学的蜕变","authors":"Elisa Cainelli , Luca Vedovelli , Patrizia Bisiacchi","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.10.027","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>From the start of pregnancy, mother and child induce reciprocal neurobiological changes in the brain that will prove critical for neurodevelopment and survival of both. Molecular communication between mother and fetus is constantly active and persists even after the fetus starts to synthesize its hormones in late gestation. Intriguingly, some mother and fetus exchange cells remain in the other’s brain and body with long-lasting effects and memories that do not follow the laws of classical genetics but involve complex epigenetic mechanisms. After childbirth, mother and child go through a transitional phase, a sort of <em>limbo</em> in which both will have a peculiar functioning profile, which is adaptive for contingencies but also renders them vulnerable. The interplay between these two “limbo” states allows for an easier transition to the subsequent phases of development.</div><div>In this review, we will trace mother’s and child’s path from pregnancy to the months following birth and, in particular, unravel i) the key features of pregnancy and brain development and the reciprocal influences; ii) how a transitory pattern of functioning characterize mother and child, moving them toward more flexible and evolved forms; and iii) how mother and fetus act during childbirth to promote neuroprotection, pain reduction, and neurophysiological changes. Therefore, this review covers a wide range of topics, integrating neuroanatomical, neurological, biochemical, neurophysiological, and psychological studies in a meaningful way, trying to integrate them in a holistic view of the mother–child interface that is usually neglected.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19142,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience","volume":"561 ","pages":"Pages 92-106"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"The mother–child interface: A neurobiological metamorphosis\",\"authors\":\"Elisa Cainelli , Luca Vedovelli , Patrizia Bisiacchi\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.10.027\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>From the start of pregnancy, mother and child induce reciprocal neurobiological changes in the brain that will prove critical for neurodevelopment and survival of both. Molecular communication between mother and fetus is constantly active and persists even after the fetus starts to synthesize its hormones in late gestation. Intriguingly, some mother and fetus exchange cells remain in the other’s brain and body with long-lasting effects and memories that do not follow the laws of classical genetics but involve complex epigenetic mechanisms. After childbirth, mother and child go through a transitional phase, a sort of <em>limbo</em> in which both will have a peculiar functioning profile, which is adaptive for contingencies but also renders them vulnerable. The interplay between these two “limbo” states allows for an easier transition to the subsequent phases of development.</div><div>In this review, we will trace mother’s and child’s path from pregnancy to the months following birth and, in particular, unravel i) the key features of pregnancy and brain development and the reciprocal influences; ii) how a transitory pattern of functioning characterize mother and child, moving them toward more flexible and evolved forms; and iii) how mother and fetus act during childbirth to promote neuroprotection, pain reduction, and neurophysiological changes. Therefore, this review covers a wide range of topics, integrating neuroanatomical, neurological, biochemical, neurophysiological, and psychological studies in a meaningful way, trying to integrate them in a holistic view of the mother–child interface that is usually neglected.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":19142,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Neuroscience\",\"volume\":\"561 \",\"pages\":\"Pages 92-106\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-10-18\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Neuroscience\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306452224005384\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"NEUROSCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Neuroscience","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306452224005384","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"NEUROSCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
The mother–child interface: A neurobiological metamorphosis
From the start of pregnancy, mother and child induce reciprocal neurobiological changes in the brain that will prove critical for neurodevelopment and survival of both. Molecular communication between mother and fetus is constantly active and persists even after the fetus starts to synthesize its hormones in late gestation. Intriguingly, some mother and fetus exchange cells remain in the other’s brain and body with long-lasting effects and memories that do not follow the laws of classical genetics but involve complex epigenetic mechanisms. After childbirth, mother and child go through a transitional phase, a sort of limbo in which both will have a peculiar functioning profile, which is adaptive for contingencies but also renders them vulnerable. The interplay between these two “limbo” states allows for an easier transition to the subsequent phases of development.
In this review, we will trace mother’s and child’s path from pregnancy to the months following birth and, in particular, unravel i) the key features of pregnancy and brain development and the reciprocal influences; ii) how a transitory pattern of functioning characterize mother and child, moving them toward more flexible and evolved forms; and iii) how mother and fetus act during childbirth to promote neuroprotection, pain reduction, and neurophysiological changes. Therefore, this review covers a wide range of topics, integrating neuroanatomical, neurological, biochemical, neurophysiological, and psychological studies in a meaningful way, trying to integrate them in a holistic view of the mother–child interface that is usually neglected.
期刊介绍:
Neuroscience publishes papers describing the results of original research on any aspect of the scientific study of the nervous system. Any paper, however short, will be considered for publication provided that it reports significant, new and carefully confirmed findings with full experimental details.