Intraoperative diagnosis of Amyand's hernia, a case report.

Introduction: Hernia forms when an organ or its fascia protrudes through the continuing cavity's wall. Amyand's hernia describes an inguinal hernia containing an appendix, regardless of inflammation.

Presentation of case: Our patient was complaining of an increasing lump in the inguinal area. It started 5 years ago as a small mass that gradually increased, manifesting distressing symptoms. The initial diagnosis was an indirect right inguinal hernia. During the surgery, the presence of an indirect inguinal hernia was observed, and the appendix was revealed within the sac, with the observation of adhesion of the appendix tip to the sac.

Discussion: Amyand's hernia describes an inguinal hernia, containing the appendix inside it. It is classified according to Losanoff and Basson depending on the presence and spread of inflammation. The diagnosis of Amyand's hernia is often made during the surgery because of its rarity and unspecific symptoms. When symptoms and signs occur, they masquerade as strangulated hernia rather than appendicitis.

Conclusion: Even Amyand's hernia is a rare condition; it should be a differential diagnosis in patients who come with strangulated hernia or appendicitis. More studies are needed to understand the physiology of this type of hernia. In addition, more cases should be reported to help establish guidelines for diagnosing and treating this hernia.