新建立的社区卫生护理系统中的护理干预措施：横断面调查

IF 3.1 Q1 NURSING International Journal of Nursing Studies Advances Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI:10.1016/j.ijnsa.2024.100258

Raimund M. Kovacevic , Doris A. Behrens , Walter Hyll

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景奥地利于 2022 年引入了社区健康护理。有关护士活动、其与既定公共卫生框架的一致性及其与现有护理服务的关系的信息，对于了解该角色的实施情况和潜在影响至关重要。本研究探讨了奥地利第一批社区健康护士的活动，重点关注其与公共卫生干预轮和护理干预分类的一致性。其中一个重要问题是，这些新服务是对现有直接护理服务的补充还是替代。在此过程中，我们还解决了不同城市化水平之间的异质性问题。设计横断面调查。设置对社区健康护士进行在线调查（2023 年 4 月至 6 月），根据公共卫生干预轮和护理干预分类，了解他们对活动频率的看法。130名护士（59%，N=220）回答了>6个问题（共33个问题），98名护士（45%，N=220）提供了所有必要信息。方法分析采用Excel®、Stata®和R进行描述性统计、统计检验和分层聚类分析。直接护理干预（根据护理干预分类）很少实施。研究结果表明，社区保健护士是对现有直接护理和家庭护理服务的补充，而不是替代。然而，与国际惯例不同的是，活动主要集中在个人层面，在社区和系统层面的参与有限。Tweetable 摘要首先，奥地利社区健康护士主要在个人层面实施公共卫生干预原则。

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Nursing interventions in a newly established community health nursing system: A cross sectional survey

Background

Community health nursing was introduced in Austria in 2022. Information about nurses' activities, their alignment with established public health frameworks, and their relationship to existing care services is crucial for understanding the role's implementation and potential impact.

Objective

This study examines the activities of the first cohort of Austrian Community Health Nurses, focusing on their alignment with the Public Health Intervention Wheel and the Nursing Intervention Classification. An important aspect comes from the question, whether these new services complement or substitute existing direct care services. In this process, we also address heterogeneity across urbanization levels.

Design

Cross-sectional survey.

Setting(s)

An online survey (April to June 2023) among Community Health Nurses captured their perception of activity frequencies based on the Public Health Intervention Wheel and Nursing Intervention Classification.

Participants

130 nurses (59 %, N = 220) answered >6 (out of 33) questions, 98 nurses (45 %, N = 220) provided all required information.

Methods

The analysis used descriptive statistics, statistical tests, and hierarchical cluster analysis, employing Excel®, Stata® and R.

Results

Austrian Community Health Nurses implement many principles of the Public Health Intervention Wheel, with a focus on counselling, consultation, and health teaching. Direct care interventions (according the Nursing Intervention Classification) are rarely performed. Findings indicate that community health nurses complement rather than substitute existing direct care and home nursing services. However, unlike international practices, activities are primarily at the individual level, with limited engagement at community and systems levels.

Conclusions

Community health nursing in Austria demonstrates a public health focus and therefore complements existing care services. However, it focuses primarily at the individual level, which differs from international norms where activities span individual, community, and systems levels.