Metabolic profile of prepartum dairy cows and its influence on the immediate postpartum period, colostrum quality and passive immunity transference

The objective of this study was to evaluate which biochemical markers in the prepartum period of dairy cows influence the immediate postpartum period, the quality of colostrum, and the passive immunity transference in the calves. The experiment was performed on a commercial dairy farm with 52 pregnant multiparous Holstein cows. Animals that gave birth to twins or males were discarded from the experiment. On days −20 of the expected calving date and 24 hours after calving, blood collections, body condition score assessments, and animals weighing were performed. Blood samples from calves were performed 24 hours after colostrum intake. Calf plasma was used to estimate the passive immunity transfer by % brix and total plasma proteins (TPP). In the principal component analysis, it was shown that postpartum NEFA and BHBA was higher in cows with higher prepartum urinary pH and Ca lower prepartum. The cows with the highest NEFA and BHBA in pre and postpartum were the ones that had the lowest % brix in the colostrum. The % brix of the cow’s colostrum directly influenced the % brix and TPP of the calves. The NEFA in the cows prepartum negatively influenced the markers of immunity, the higher the NEFA, the lower the % brix of the cows’ colostrum, % brix of the calves, and TPP. In multivariate regression analyses it was shown that pre-calving NEFA was the marker that most influenced post-calving cow markers and calf % brix, along with colostrum time and % brix of the colostrum (P= 0.0092; r²= 0.83). Cows with higher values NEFA in the prepartum had lower calcemic in the immediate postpartum period. Prepartum NEFA was the marker that most influenced the cows’ immediate postpartum period, being directly related to Ca serum, and also to the passive immunity transference.