巴西圣保罗州女性强奸流行病学综合评估:趋势、模式及对公共卫生的影响。

IF 2.2 3区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, LEGAL International Journal of Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI:10.1007/s00414-024-03354-5
Edmilson Ozorio Dos Santos, Andrey Wellington Moscardini, Ivan Dieb Miziara
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引用次数: 0

摘要

针对妇女的性暴力仍然是一项全球性挑战,尽管巴西在立法方面取得了进步,但性暴力问题仍然持续存在。圣保罗州是巴西最大的州,也是经济富裕的州,本研究对圣保罗州内的性暴力进行了调查,重点关注其发生率、模式、法医证据和健康后果。我们分析了圣保罗医疗法律研究所提供的 40757 份 2014 年至 2017 年涉嫌强奸妇女案件的医疗报告。我们观察到女性强奸案件有所增加,这反映了更广泛的社会趋势,但由于恐惧和耻辱感而普遍存在的漏报现象凸显了采取多方面干预措施的必要性。我们还探讨了强奸发生率与人类发展指数之间的相关性,突出了城市和农村地区之间的差距。此外,研究还揭示了涉及弱势受害者的案件比例,强调了有针对性的干预措施和立法改革的必要性。此外,我们还表明,只有一小部分法医检查能够找到性暴力或近期性行为的证据,而这是对指控行为进行刑事调查所必需的。因此,尽管在法医证据收集方面存在挑战,但努力加强医疗检查规程和提高专业人员的认识至关重要。此外,调查结果强调了强奸对健康造成的严重后果,包括意外怀孕和性传播感染,因此有必要为幸存者提供全面的医疗保健服务。最后,我们强调,解决性暴力问题需要采取协调行动,包括立法改革、社区参与和以幸存者为中心的方法,以创建更安全、更具复原力的社区。
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A comprehensive epidemiological assessment of female rape in São Paulo State, Brazil: trends, patterns, and implications for public health.

Sexual violence against women remains a global challenge, with Brazil exemplifying persistent issues despite legislative advancements. This study examined sexual violence within São Paulo state, Brazil's largest and economically affluent state, focusing on prevalence, patterns, forensic evidence, and health consequences. We analyzed 40,757 medical reports of alleged cases of rape against women available from the São Paulo Medical Legal Institute from 2014 to 2017. An increase in female rape cases was observed, reflecting broader societal trends, but underreporting, prevalent due to fear and stigma, underscored the need for multifaceted interventions. We also explored correlations between rape prevalence and the Human Development Index, highlighting disparities between urban and rural areas. Additionally, the study revealed concerning proportions of cases involving vulnerable victims, emphasizing the imperative for tailored interventions and legislative reforms. Furthermore, we demonstrated that only a small portion of medicolegal examinations were able to find evidence of sexual violence or recent sexual acts, necessary for conducting the criminal investigation of the alleged act. Therefore, despite challenges in forensic evidence collection, efforts to enhance medical examination protocols and awareness among professionals are crucial. Moreover, findings underscored the significant health consequences of rape, including unwanted pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections, necessitating comprehensive healthcare services for survivors. In conclusion, we reinforced that addressing sexual violence demands coordinated action, including legislative reforms, community engagement, and survivor-centered approaches, to create safer and more resilient communities.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.80
自引率
9.50%
发文量
165
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Legal Medicine aims to improve the scientific resources used in the elucidation of crime and related forensic applications at a high level of evidential proof. The journal offers review articles tracing development in specific areas, with up-to-date analysis; original articles discussing significant recent research results; case reports describing interesting and exceptional examples; population data; letters to the editors; and technical notes, which appear in a section originally created for rapid publication of data in the dynamic field of DNA analysis.
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