运动员和非运动员工作记忆能力的比较:行为研究荟萃分析。

IF 2.2 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL Memory Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI:10.1080/09658211.2024.2423812
Chenxiao Wu, Chenyuan Zhang, Xueqiao Li, Chaoxiong Ye, Piia Astikainen
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引用次数: 0

摘要

运动专长与工作记忆(WM)之间的关系在实验研究中越来越受到关注。然而,还没有荟萃分析对运动员和非运动员的工作记忆表现进行过比较。本研究通过比较这两个群体的工作记忆表现并调查潜在的调节因素,填补了这一空白。通过全面的文献检索,我们从 PubMed、Embase 和 ProQuest 等 7 个数据库中找到了 21 项研究,涉及 1455 名参与者。运动员主要从事篮球、足球和击剑运动,而非运动员包括一些被认定为久坐不动的人。偏倚风险评估显示,大多数领域的偏倚风险较低。通过漏斗图和统计检验对发表偏倚进行了评估,结果显示没有明显的偏倚证据。使用随机效应模型绘制的森林图显示存在中等程度的异质性。总体效应大小表明,运动员相对于非运动员具有显著的统计学优势(Hedges'g = 0.30),尽管这种优势很小,但在不同运动类型和运动水平的人群中持续存在。值得注意的是,与非运动员参照组中不包括久坐人群的分析结果(赫奇斯 g = 0.15)相比,当运动员与久坐人群进行对比时,这一优势更为明显(赫奇斯 g = 0.63)。我们的研究结果表明,运动专长与提高 WM 性能之间存在一致的联系,而久坐不动的生活方式似乎与 WM 的劣势有关。
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Comparison of working memory performance in athletes and non-athletes: a meta-analysis of behavioural studies.

The relationship between sports expertise and working memory (WM) has garnered increasing attention in experimental research. However, no meta-analysis has compared WM performance between athletes and non-athletes. This study addresses this gap by comparing WM performance between these groups and investigating potential moderators. A comprehensive literature search identified 21 studies involving 1455 participants from seven databases, including PubMed, Embase, and ProQuest. Athletes primarily engaged in basketball, football, and fencing, while non-athletes included some identified as sedentary. The risk of bias assessment indicated low risk across most domains. Publication bias, assessed through a funnel plot and statistical tests, showed no significant evidence of bias. The forest plot, using a random effects model, revealed moderate heterogeneity. The overall effect size indicated a statistically significant, albeit small, advantage for athletes over non-athletes (Hedges' g = 0.30), persisting across sports types and performance levels. Notably, this advantage was more pronounced when athletes were contrasted with a sedentary population (Hedges' g = 0.63), compared to the analysis where the sedentary population was excluded from the non-athlete reference group (Hedges' g = 0.15). Our findings indicate a consistent link between sports expertise and improved WM performance, while sedentary lifestyles appear to be associated with WM disadvantages.

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来源期刊
Memory
Memory PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL-
CiteScore
3.50
自引率
9.50%
发文量
79
期刊介绍: Memory publishes high quality papers in all areas of memory research. This includes experimental studies of memory (including laboratory-based research, everyday memory studies, and applied memory research), developmental, educational, neuropsychological, clinical and social research on memory. By representing all significant areas of memory research, the journal cuts across the traditional distinctions of psychological research. Memory therefore provides a unique venue for memory researchers to communicate their findings and ideas both to peers within their own research tradition in the study of memory, and also to the wider range of research communities with direct interest in human memory.
期刊最新文献
People experience similar intrusions about past and future autobiographical negative experiences. Comparison of working memory performance in athletes and non-athletes: a meta-analysis of behavioural studies. On the role of familiarity and developmental exposure in music-evoked autobiographical memories. Intrinsic functional connectivity in medial temporal lobe networks is associated with susceptibility to misinformation. Cross-cultural comparison of the neural correlates of true and false memory retrieval.
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