食物沼泽和食物荒漠对美国各县代谢功能障碍相关性脂肪肝 (MASLD) 死亡率的影响》（Food Swamps and Food Deserts Impact on Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) Mortality in US Counties）。
Annette Paik, Linda Henry, Leyla De Avila, Saleh AlQahtani, Fatema Nader, James M Paik, Zobair M Younossi
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Food swamps are areas oversaturated with outlets offering limited healthy food options.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Counties in the highest mortality quartile (4th quartile) compared to the lowest mortality quartile (1st quartile) were predominantly located in the South region (78.7% vs. 23.5%) and rural areas (76.1% vs. 26.6%). These counties also had higher rates of elderly residents (19.4% vs. 16.5%), Hispanic residents (13.1% vs. 10.5%), household crowding (2.83% vs. 2.37%), no broadband internet subscription (23.9% vs. 12.7%), no high school diploma (16.1% vs. 9.0%), poverty rates (30.2% vs. 18.5%), unemployment rates (6.4% vs. 4.7%), food deserts (8.7% vs. 5.8%) and food swamp ratio (5.69 vs. 4.28) (all p-values <.001). After adjusting for county socio-demographic and clinical factors and regions, mixed-effects linear regression models showed significant differences in mortality rates (per 100,000) between counties with the highest versus lowest quartiles of food deserts (25.65 vs. 12.75, adjusted difference = 3.66 [95% CI: 2.66-4.72]) and food swamps (27.13 vs. 20.15 per 100,000, adjusted difference = 3.57 [95% CI: 2.44-4.71]).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the United States, addressing socio-demographic and food environment disparities is paramount to reduce MASLD-related mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":10347,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Food Swamps and Food Deserts Impact on Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) Mortality in US Counties.\",\"authors\":\"Annette Paik, Linda Henry, Leyla De Avila, Saleh AlQahtani, Fatema Nader, James M Paik, Zobair M Younossi\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.cgh.2024.08.053\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background & aims: </strong>Lacking access to quality food may increase the risk of MASLD. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
背景与目的：缺乏优质食物可能会增加罹患MASLD的风险。我们调查了美国各地的食物环境因素（食物荒漠和食物沼泽）与 MASLD 相关死亡率之间的关系：与 MASLD 相关的死亡病例来自美国国家生命统计系统（NVSS）（2016-2020 年），食品环境因素来自食品环境图集（FEA）。食物荒漠是指低收入居民因附近杂货店稀少而难以获得负担得起的营养食品的地区。食品沼泽是指食品店过多的地区，提供的健康食品选择有限：与死亡率最低的四分位数（第一四分位数）相比，死亡率最高的四分位数（第四四分位数）主要位于南部地区（78.7% 对 23.5%）和农村地区（76.1% 对 26.6%）。这些县的老年居民比率（19.4% 对 16.5%）、西班牙裔居民比率（13.1% 对 10.5%）、家庭拥挤比率（2.83% 对 2.37%）、无宽带互联网订阅比率（23.9% 对 12.7%）、无高中文凭比率（2.83% 对 2.37%）、无宽带互联网订阅比率（23.9% 对 12.7%）、无高中文凭比率（13.1% 对 10.5%）都较高。7%）、无高中文凭（16.1% vs. 9.0%）、贫困率（30.2% vs. 18.5%）、失业率（6.4% vs. 4.7%）、食物荒漠（8.7% vs. 5.8%）和食物沼泽比率（5.69 vs. 4.28）（所有 p 值均为结论）：在美国，解决社会人口和食物环境差异问题对于降低 MASLD 相关死亡率至关重要。
Food Swamps and Food Deserts Impact on Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) Mortality in US Counties.
Background & aims: Lacking access to quality food may increase the risk of MASLD. We investigated associations between food environment factors (food deserts and food swamps) and MASLD-related mortality across the United States (US).
Methods: MASLD-related deaths were obtained from the National Vital Statistics System (NVSS) (2016-2020) and food environment factors from Food Environment Atlas (FEA). Food deserts are areas where low-income residents have limited access to affordable and nutritious food due to a scarcity of nearby grocery stores. Food swamps are areas oversaturated with outlets offering limited healthy food options.
Results: Counties in the highest mortality quartile (4th quartile) compared to the lowest mortality quartile (1st quartile) were predominantly located in the South region (78.7% vs. 23.5%) and rural areas (76.1% vs. 26.6%). These counties also had higher rates of elderly residents (19.4% vs. 16.5%), Hispanic residents (13.1% vs. 10.5%), household crowding (2.83% vs. 2.37%), no broadband internet subscription (23.9% vs. 12.7%), no high school diploma (16.1% vs. 9.0%), poverty rates (30.2% vs. 18.5%), unemployment rates (6.4% vs. 4.7%), food deserts (8.7% vs. 5.8%) and food swamp ratio (5.69 vs. 4.28) (all p-values <.001). After adjusting for county socio-demographic and clinical factors and regions, mixed-effects linear regression models showed significant differences in mortality rates (per 100,000) between counties with the highest versus lowest quartiles of food deserts (25.65 vs. 12.75, adjusted difference = 3.66 [95% CI: 2.66-4.72]) and food swamps (27.13 vs. 20.15 per 100,000, adjusted difference = 3.57 [95% CI: 2.44-4.71]).
Conclusions: In the United States, addressing socio-demographic and food environment disparities is paramount to reduce MASLD-related mortality.
期刊介绍：
Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (CGH) is dedicated to offering readers a comprehensive exploration of themes in clinical gastroenterology and hepatology. Encompassing diagnostic, endoscopic, interventional, and therapeutic advances, the journal covers areas such as cancer, inflammatory diseases, functional gastrointestinal disorders, nutrition, absorption, and secretion.
As a peer-reviewed publication, CGH features original articles and scholarly reviews, ensuring immediate relevance to the practice of gastroenterology and hepatology. Beyond peer-reviewed content, the journal includes invited key reviews and articles on endoscopy/practice-based technology, health-care policy, and practice management. Multimedia elements, including images, video abstracts, and podcasts, enhance the reader's experience. CGH remains actively engaged with its audience through updates and commentary shared via platforms such as Facebook and Twitter.
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