The relationship between frontal alpha asymmetry and self-report measurements of depression, anxiety, stress, and self-regulation.

Though previous research yielded inconsistent results, studies suggest an association between frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA), mood, and self-regulation. This inconsistency may be explained by the heterogeneity of experimental protocols and sample characteristics such as the baseline level of distress. The aim of the study was to gain a better understanding of the relationship between FAA and self-report measurements of depression, anxiety, stress, and self-regulation. Using data from 130 participants (M_age = 25.2; SD = 6.8), we conducted correlation analyses and Bayesian statistics to examine these associations. The results revealed moderate-level positive correlations among depression, anxiety, and stress scores measured by the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, with notable negative correlations observed between self-regulation and depression, as well as between self-regulation and stress. The relationship between FAA and mood was sample-dependent, and effects were restricted to the sample with moderate to extreme levels of distress, revealing consistent patterns within these subgroups. Most importantly, there was a negative correlation between FAA and anxiety. However, there was no clear association between FAA and depression. Consequently, our results show that self-regulation is associated with reduced distress, and that FAA may be a useful biomarker for anxiety in individuals with moderate to high baseline distress levels.