A review of dampers for offshore wind turbines

Considering the irrationality and limitations of current reviews about dampers for offshore wind turbine (OWT), this paper re-investigates a comprehensive review of the research status and latest developments of OWT based on their structural composition and working principles. Beginning with an emphasis on mainstream tuned mass dampers (TMD) and tuned liquid dampers (TLD), the section on TMD analyzes the sliding structure, pendulum structure, and widely used multi-TMD deployments. The section on TLD analyzes the single-surface liquid sloshing structure and multi-surface liquid column structure. Introducing a variety of novel OWT dampers that have emerged in recent years, including magnetorheological elastomer (MRE), KDamper, shape memory alloys (SMAS), nonlinear energy sink (NES), high damping viscoelastic damper (HVED), amplified damping transfer system (ADTS), and floating absorber damper (FAD). Concluding by summarizing the characteristics, principles, advantages and disadvantages of the dampers discussed. It also suggests promising directions for future development of OWT dampers, such as mixed structures, mixed deployment, additional damping, etc. This paper serves as a valuable reference for researchers to grasp the most recent advancements, enhancing their understanding of damping systems and providing insightful guidance for engineers to select the most suitable dampers for applications.