Integration of Palliative Care into Heart Failure Care: Consensus-Based Recommendations from the Heart Failure Society of America

Heart failure (HF) is characterized by significant symptoms, compromised quality of life, frequent hospital admissions, and high mortality rates; palliative care (PC) is, therefore, highly relevant for patients with HF and their clinicians. Multiple guidelines and consensus statements recommend the provision of PC alongside HF management. However, few resources exist to guide the integration of PC into HF care, for both primary PC (provided by HF clinicians in the course of HF care) and specialty PC (provided by PC specialists). Through this consensus statement, the Heart Failure Society of America aims to provide a contemporary, practical guide for clinicians and institutions about how PC should be operationalized in the context of comprehensive HF care. Key components of high-quality, integrated HF-PC are described, with a focus on clinical and operational considerations for providing primary and specialty PC, quality measurement and value demonstration, reimbursement and incentive concerns, and the provision of hospice care.