Applications and Developments of Gene Therapy Drug Delivery Systems for Neurological Disorders

Neurological diseases (NDs) such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, ischemic strokes, spinal cord injuries, and other similar conditions that continue to pose a substantial health and economic burden on a global scale. It is crucial to tackle the difficulties provided by current medications due to the adverse effects and its immunological reactions to develop improved treatments for neurodegenerative illnesses. Gene therapy is currently being extensively used in preclinical and clinical studies for various diseases because of its ability to enhance the delivery and effectiveness of treatments. Various gene delivery techniques, including messenger RNA, small interfering RNA, antisense oligonucleotides, microRNA, CRISPR/Cas9 system, and plasmid DNA, have been created to address these difficulties. The goal of this study is to provide a clear overview of the pathophysiological underpinnings of NDs illnesses while also illuminating recent developments in gene delivery vector technologies. It goes over the main classifications of these vectors, their individual benefits and drawbacks, and their specific applications in the delivery of gene therapy.